Microprograms

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SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC AUTHORITY
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE
SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC LAW ON THE JURIDICAL-POLITICAL MAJOR, THE GENERAL MICROPROGRAM SYSTEM AND THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY QUALIFICATION ORDER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
Constitutional Establishment of the Bachelor’s Degree — Major in Indigenous Law and Political Science; Determination of the Compulsory Juridical-Political Core; Territorial Regulation of Haytian and Dominican Legal Formation; Constitution of the General Register of Microprograms; Maintenance of the Sovereign Academic Credit; and Organization of Multidisciplinary Certificates and Bachelor’s Degrees
Institutional Classification: Supreme Organic Academic Law — Constitutive Degree Regulation — Juridical-Political Curriculum Act — Microprogram Classification Instrument — Multidisciplinary Qualifications Regulation — General Academic Register Instrument
Promulgating Authority: Office of the Rector-President
Supreme Academic Institution: University of Xaragua
Responsible Faculty: Faculty of Indigenous Law and Political Science
Permanent Academic Registry: General Academic Register
Official Depositary: General Archives of the State
Territorial Scope: Entire academic, constitutional, territorial, digital and institutional jurisdiction of the University of Xaragua
Academic Status: Permanent, organic, controlling and directly applicable
BOOK I
CONSTITUTION OF THE ACADEMIC ORDER
Article 1 — Object
This Law constitutes the unified academic order governing:
a) the Bachelor’s Degree — Major in Indigenous Law and Political Science;
b) the compulsory juridical-political core of the principal degree;
c) the territorial legal formation prescribed for students academically classified as local students;
d) the elective legal formation available to foreign students;
e) the constitutional, territorial and institutional formation common to University qualifications;
f) the classification, numbering and academic content of University microprograms;
g) the accumulation and application of Sovereign Academic Credits;
h) the constitution of multidisciplinary certificates;
i) the constitution of multidisciplinary bachelor’s degrees;
j) the constitution of advanced multidisciplinary bachelor’s degrees;
k) academic assessment, conferral and permanent registration; and
l) the integration of the constitutional, juridical, political, historical, territorial, economic, social, diplomatic, environmental and institutional corpus of Xaragua into University formation.
Article 2 — Unified Juridical-Political Formation
The Bachelor’s Degree — Major in Indigenous Law and Political Science constitutes the principal undergraduate degree of the University of Xaragua.
Its academic identity is established through the integrated study of:
a) Indigenous law;
b) customary law;
c) legal pluralism;
d) political science;
e) constitutional organization;
f) comparative government;
g) public administration;
h) territorial jurisdiction;
i) institutional competence;
j) juridical method;
k) legislative and constitutional drafting;
l) Haytian law;
m) Dominican law;
n) international law;
o) diplomacy;
p) public policy;
q) political economy;
r) collective rights;
s) territorial and maritime governance; and
t) the constitutional and institutional order of Xaragua.
Article 3 — Sovereign Academic Credit
The Sovereign Academic Credit, abbreviated SAC, remains the exclusive unit of academic valuation of the University.
Every microprogram established by this Law possesses a statutory value of fifteen SAC.
Every microprogram comprises five courses.
Every course possesses a statutory value of three SAC.
The academic structure is therefore established as follows:
a) one course: three SAC;
b) one microprogram: five courses and fifteen SAC;
c) one certificate: two approved microprograms and thirty SAC;
d) one bachelor’s degree: six approved microprograms and ninety SAC; and
e) one advanced bachelor’s degree: eight approved microprograms and one hundred and twenty SAC.
Article 4 — Academic Components of Credit
The award of SAC may incorporate:
a) direct instruction;
b) directed reading;
c) independent study;
d) archival research;
e) juridical research;
f) constitutional analysis;
g) statutory interpretation;
h) case analysis;
i) comparative institutional study;
j) documentary examination;
k) field observation;
l) community-based research;
m) written examinations;
n) oral examinations;
o) juridical opinions;
p) legislative instruments;
q) constitutional memoranda;
r) public-policy instruments;
s) administrative dossiers;
t) research papers;
u) institutional projects; and
v) final integrative assessments.
BOOK II
PRINCIPAL UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE
Article 5 — Official Degree
The principal undergraduate degree is hereby constituted under the following official title:
BACHELOR’S DEGREE — MAJOR IN INDIGENOUS LAW AND POLITICAL SCIENCE
The degree possesses a statutory academic value of ninety SAC.
The degree comprises six microprograms of fifteen SAC each.
Article 6 — Compulsory Juridical-Political Core
The compulsory juridical-political core comprises:
a) Microprogram No. 1 — Constitutional, Territorial and Institutional Formation of Xaragua;
b) Microprogram No. 2 — Juridical Method, Sources of Law and Institutional Drafting;
c) Microprogram No. 3 — Indigenous Law, Customary Legal Orders and Legal Pluralism; and
d) Microprogram No. 4 — Political Science, Comparative Government and Public Administration.
The compulsory core possesses a total value of sixty SAC.
Article 7 — Local Academic Pathway
A student classified by the University as a local student shall complete:
a) Microprogram No. 1;
b) Microprogram No. 2;
c) Microprogram No. 3;
d) Microprogram No. 4;
e) Microprogram No. 5 — Haytian Law and Juridical Institutions; and
f) Microprogram No. 6 — Dominican Law and Juridical Institutions.
The Local Academic Pathway possesses a total value of ninety SAC.
Completion of the six prescribed microprograms satisfies the curricular requirement of the Bachelor’s Degree — Major in Indigenous Law and Political Science.
Article 8 — Foreign Student Academic Pathway
A student classified by the University as a foreign student shall complete:
a) Microprogram No. 1;
b) Microprogram No. 2;
c) Microprogram No. 3;
d) Microprogram No. 4; and
e) two elective microprograms selected from the General Register of Microprograms.
Microprogram No. 5 and Microprogram No. 6 possess elective status within the Foreign Student Academic Pathway.
The Foreign Student Academic Pathway possesses a total value of ninety SAC.
Article 9 — Academic Classification of Students
The University shall determine local or foreign academic classification according to:
a) territorial origin;
b) principal jurisdiction of residence;
c) intended jurisdiction of professional or institutional application;
d) prior legal formation;
e) linguistic and documentary competence;
f) academic purpose; and
g) the juridical systems materially relevant to the student’s approved pathway.
The classification shall be entered in the General Academic Register.
Article 10 — Degree Competence
The holder of the Bachelor’s Degree — Major in Indigenous Law and Political Science shall have completed formation in:
a) juridical reasoning;
b) interpretation of constitutions, statutes, regulations and customary norms;
c) identification and classification of legal sources;
d) Indigenous juridical orders;
e) political institutions;
f) comparative governmental systems;
g) public administration;
h) institutional drafting;
i) territorial and community governance;
j) legal and political research;
k) preparation of constitutional instruments;
l) preparation of legislative and regulatory instruments;
m) preparation of juridical opinions and institutional memoranda;
n) administration of public and academic records;
o) analysis of domestic, Indigenous, regional and international jurisdictions;
p) relations among Indigenous, state, ecclesiastical and international legal orders; and
q) coordination of specialized legal, administrative, territorial and technical competence.
BOOK III
COMPULSORY MICROPROGRAMS OF THE PRINCIPAL DEGREE
Microprogram No. 1
Constitutional, Territorial and Institutional Formation of Xaragua
Academic Classification: Compulsory Foundational Microprogram
Academic Value: Fifteen SAC
Courses:
1.1 — Indigenous Civilizations, Cacicazgos and Ancestral Political Orders
1.2 — Colonial Government, Territorial Reclassification and Institutional Dispossession
1.3 — Revolutionary, Imperial, Republican and Indigenous Constitutional Formations
1.4 — Territorial, Maritime, Insular and Community Organization of Xaragua
1.5 — Contemporary Constitutional Institutions and Public Order of Xaragua
This microprogram constitutes the common constitutional and institutional foundation of University qualifications governed by this Law.
Microprogram No. 2
Juridical Method, Sources of Law and Institutional Drafting
Academic Classification: Compulsory Juridical Method Microprogram
Academic Value: Fifteen SAC
Courses:
2.1 — Juridical Method, Legal Concepts and Classification of Norms
2.2 — Sources of Law, Normative Hierarchy and Rules of Reception
2.3 — Constitutional, Statutory and Regulatory Interpretation
2.4 — Legislative, Constitutional and Administrative Drafting
2.5 — Juridical Research, Evidence, Citation and Institutional Opinion Writing
Microprogram No. 3
Indigenous Law, Customary Legal Orders and Legal Pluralism
Academic Classification: Compulsory Indigenous Law Microprogram
Academic Value: Fifteen SAC
Courses:
3.1 — Foundations and Sources of Indigenous Law
3.2 — Customary Authority, Community Institutions and Collective Jurisdiction
3.3 — Indigenous Constitutionalism, Autonomy and Self-Government
3.4 — Legal Pluralism and Relations Among Juridical Orders
3.5 — Indigenous Territorial, Cultural and Natural-Resource Rights
Microprogram No. 4
Political Science, Comparative Government and Public Administration
Academic Classification: Compulsory Political Science Microprogram
Academic Value: Fifteen SAC
Courses:
4.1 — Foundations of Political Science and Political Institutions
4.2 — Comparative Constitutional and Governmental Systems
4.3 — Public Administration, Administrative Organization and Institutional Competence
4.4 — Public Policy, Political Economy and Territorial Government
4.5 — Political Behaviour, Public Opinion and Collective Action
Microprogram No. 5
Haytian Law and Juridical Institutions
Academic Classification: Compulsory Territorial Legal Microprogram for the Local Academic Pathway
Academic Value: Fifteen SAC
Courses:
5.1 — Constitutional Institutions and Sources of Haytian Law
5.2 — Civil Law, Persons, Family, Property and Obligations
5.3 — Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Judicial Institutions
5.4 — Administrative, Commercial, Labour and Fiscal Law
5.5 — Legal Practice, Procedure, Professional Institutions and Documentary Administration
Microprogram No. 6
Dominican Law and Juridical Institutions
Academic Classification: Compulsory Territorial Legal Microprogram for the Local Academic Pathway
Academic Value: Fifteen SAC
Courses:
6.1 — Constitutional Institutions and Sources of Dominican Law
6.2 — Civil Law, Persons, Family, Property and Obligations
6.3 — Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Judicial Institutions
6.4 — Administrative, Commercial, Labour and Fiscal Law
6.5 — Legal Practice, Procedure, Professional Institutions and Transborder Legal Relations
BOOK IV
GENERAL REGISTER OF ELECTIVE MICROPROGRAMS
Microprogram No. 7
Comparative Constitutional Law
Courses:
7.1 — Constitutional Sources and Constituent Authority
7.2 — Executive, Legislative and Judicial Organization
7.3 — Federal, Unitary, Autonomous and Plurinational Orders
7.4 — Constitutional Rights, Remedies and Judicial Review
7.5 — Constitutional Change, Emergency Government and Institutional Continuity
Microprogram No. 8
Public International Law, Treaties and International Organizations
Courses:
8.1 — Sources and Subjects of Public International Law
8.2 — Treaties, Conventions and International Legal Instruments
8.3 — International Organizations and Intergovernmental Institutions
8.4 — International Courts, Tribunals and Dispute Settlement
8.5 — Indigenous Peoples within International and Inter-American Law
Microprogram No. 9
Diplomacy, Foreign Affairs and Bilateral Relations
Courses:
9.1 — Diplomatic Institutions and External Representation
9.2 — Bilateral Relations and Interinstitutional Agreements
9.3 — Diplomatic Correspondence, Notes and Official Communications
9.4 — Negotiation, Protocol and International Conference Practice
9.5 — Foreign Policy of Indigenous and Non-Westphalian Political Orders
Microprogram No. 10
Territorial, Maritime and Insular Law
Courses:
10.1 — Territorial Jurisdiction and Constitutional Geography
10.2 — Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone and Exclusive Economic Zone
10.3 — Islands, Cays, Coasts, Ports and Maritime Corridors
10.4 — Maritime Administration, Navigation and Coastal Regulation
10.5 — Territorial Evidence, Cartography and Juridical Documentation
Microprogram No. 11
Natural Resources, Mining and Environmental Law
Courses:
11.1 — Indigenous Collective Rights over Natural Resources
11.2 — Mining, Geological Resources and Subsoil Administration
11.3 — Forests, Watersheds, Biodiversity and Protected Territories
11.4 — Environmental Assessment, Consultation and Territorial Consent
11.5 — Resource Concessions, Public Regulation and Institutional Protection
Microprogram No. 12
Civil Law, Persons, Property and Obligations
Courses:
12.1 — Juridical Personality and Civil Status
12.2 — Property, Possession and Collective Tenure
12.3 — Obligations, Contracts and Civil Liability
12.4 — Succession, Inheritance and Patrimonial Transmission
12.5 — Civil Remedies and Documentary Proof
Microprogram No. 13
Family Law, Childhood and Personal Status
Courses:
13.1 — Marriage, Union and Family Organization
13.2 — Filiation, Parenthood and Civil Identity
13.3 — Rights and Protection of Children
13.4 — Family Property, Maintenance and Succession
13.5 — Indigenous Family Institutions and Community Protection
Microprogram No. 14
Criminal Law, Criminology and Public Security
Courses:
14.1 — General Principles of Criminal Responsibility
14.2 — Offences against Persons, Property and Public Order
14.3 — Criminology, Criminal Behaviour and Social Conditions
14.4 — Police Institutions, Investigation and Evidentiary Administration
14.5 — Sentencing, Rehabilitation and Community Security
Microprogram No. 15
Civil, Criminal and Administrative Procedure
Courses:
15.1 — Jurisdiction, Competence and Admissibility
15.2 — Civil Proceedings and Judicial Remedies
15.3 — Criminal Proceedings and Rights of the Accused
15.4 — Administrative Review and Public-Law Remedies
15.5 — Evidence, Hearings, Decisions and Execution
Microprogram No. 16
Notarial Law, Civil Registry and Documentary Authority
Courses:
16.1 — Notarial Institutions and Authentic Instruments
16.2 — Civil Registry and Personal Documentation
16.3 — Property Instruments, Mortgages and Transfers
16.4 — Authentication, Legalization and Documentary Preservation
16.5 — Indigenous and Xaraguayan Notarial Functions
Microprogram No. 17
Land Law, Cadastre and Territorial Registration
Courses:
17.1 — Land Tenure and Property Classification
17.2 — Indigenous, Communal and Customary Landholding
17.3 — Cadastre, Surveying and Territorial Records
17.4 — Registration, Titles, Boundaries and Encumbrances
17.5 — Land Disputes, Restitution and Territorial Protection
Microprogram No. 18
Citizenship, Migration and Immigration Law
Courses:
18.1 — Citizenship, Nationality and Indigenous Membership
18.2 — Residence, E-Residency and Administrative Status
18.3 — Immigration, Admission and Territorial Circulation
18.4 — Refuge, Protection and Human Mobility
18.5 — Civil Documentation and Transborder Status
Microprogram No. 19
Commercial, Corporate and Cooperative Law
Courses:
19.1 — Commercial Acts and Business Organization
19.2 — Companies, Partnerships and Juridical Persons
19.3 — Cooperatives, Social Economy and Community Enterprise
19.4 — Commercial Contracts, Trade and Distribution
19.5 — Insolvency, Governance and Commercial Responsibility
Microprogram No. 20
Financial, Banking, Credit and Monetary Institutions
Courses:
20.1 — Banking Institutions and Financial Regulation
20.2 — Public and Private Credit
20.3 — Mortgages, Guarantees and Secured Transactions
20.4 — Currency, Digital Assets and Monetary Administration
20.5 — Indigenous Investment and Territorial Finance
Microprogram No. 21
Taxation, Public Revenue and Fiscal Administration
Courses:
21.1 — Constitutional Foundations of Taxation
21.2 — Direct and Indirect Taxes
21.3 — Customs, Tariffs and Maritime Revenue
21.4 — Public Revenue Administration and Fiscal Records
21.5 — Territorial Tax Policy and Economic Development
Microprogram No. 22
Public Administration and Institutional Government
Courses:
22.1 — Organization of Ministries and Public Authorities
22.2 — Administrative Competence and Delegation
22.3 — Public Records, Decisions and Institutional Procedure
22.4 — Public Services, Regulatory Administration and Accountability
22.5 — Administrative Continuity and Institutional Capacity
Microprogram No. 23
Public Policy, Planning and Legislative Administration
Courses:
23.1 — Policy Formation and Institutional Diagnosis
23.2 — Legislative Programmes and Regulatory Design
23.3 — Budgetary, Territorial and Administrative Planning
23.4 — Implementation, Monitoring and Public Evaluation
23.5 — Preparation of Governmental Policy Instruments
Microprogram No. 24
Political Thought, Constitutional Doctrine and Ideologies
Courses:
24.1 — Ancient and Classical Political Thought
24.2 — Catholic, Natural-Law and Scholastic Political Doctrine
24.3 — Liberal, Conservative, Republican and Socialist Traditions
24.4 — Indigenous, Anti-Colonial and Post-Colonial Political Thought
24.5 — Xaraguayan Constitutional and Institutional Doctrine
Microprogram No. 25
Political Behaviour, Public Opinion and Collective Action
Courses:
25.1 — Political Socialization and Institutional Identity
25.2 — Public Opinion and Political Communication
25.3 — Electoral Conduct and Civic Participation
25.4 — Mobilization, Protest and Collective Organization
25.5 — Leadership, Legitimacy and Institutional Trust
Microprogram No. 26
Caribbean and American Political Systems
Courses:
26.1 — Indigenous and Colonial Political Orders of the Americas
26.2 — Presidential, Parliamentary and Mixed Governments
26.3 — Federalism, Autonomy and Territorial Government
26.4 — Caribbean Regional Institutions and Political Economies
26.5 — Comparative Government of North, Central, Caribbean and South America
Microprogram No. 27
European and Eurasian Political Systems
Courses:
27.1 — European Constitutional Traditions
27.2 — Parliamentary, Presidential and Semi-Presidential Systems
27.3 — European Union Institutions and Regional Governance
27.4 — Russia and Eurasian Governmental Orders
27.5 — Comparative European Public Administration
Microprogram No. 28
African Political Systems and Indigenous Governance
Courses:
28.1 — Pre-Colonial States, Kingdoms and Customary Orders
28.2 — Colonial Administration and Constitutional Succession
28.3 — African Presidential, Parliamentary and Federal Systems
28.4 — Customary Law, Chieftaincy and Community Government
28.5 — African Regional Organizations and Continental Diplomacy
Microprogram No. 29
Arab, Middle Eastern, Turkish, Iranian and Israeli Political Systems
Courses:
29.1 — Historical Caliphates, Sultanates and Imperial Administrations
29.2 — Arab Monarchies and Republican Governments
29.3 — Turkish and Iranian Constitutional Orders
29.4 — Israeli Institutions and Regional Political Relations
29.5 — Religion, Law, Territory and State Formation in the Middle East
Microprogram No. 30
Eastern and Southeastern Asian Political Systems
Courses:
30.1 — Chinese Imperial and Contemporary Government
30.2 — Japanese and Korean Constitutional Institutions
30.3 — Mainland Southeast Asian Political Orders
30.4 — Maritime Southeast Asian Governments and Regional Institutions
30.5 — Comparative Administration, Development and State Capacity in Asia
Microprogram No. 31
South Asian, Central Asian and Oceanian Political Systems
Courses:
31.1 — Indian Constitutionalism and Federal Government
31.2 — South Asian Parliamentary and Presidential Orders
31.3 — Central Asian Republics and Post-Soviet Institutions
31.4 — Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Governments
31.5 — Indigenous Government and Regional Cooperation in Oceania
Microprogram No. 32
Political Economy and Territorial Development
Courses:
32.1 — State, Market and Institutional Economy
32.2 — Public Finance and Territorial Investment
32.3 — Productive Sovereignty and Social Economy
32.4 — Infrastructure, Employment and Regional Development
32.5 — Economic Policy of Indigenous and Small Political Orders
Microprogram No. 33
Entrepreneurship, Enterprise and Productive Administration
Courses:
33.1 — Enterprise Formation and Business Planning
33.2 — Cooperative and Community Entrepreneurship
33.3 — Production, Distribution and Market Organization
33.4 — Financial Administration and Institutional Accounting
33.5 — Territorial Enterprise and Indigenous Economic Development
Microprogram No. 34
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Sovereignty
Courses:
34.1 — Agricultural Institutions and Rural Administration
34.2 — Mountain Agriculture, Irrigation and Watershed Production
34.3 — Fisheries, Coastal Resources and Maritime Food Systems
34.4 — Food Reserves, Processing and Distribution
34.5 — Agricultural Law, Producer Organization and Food Security
Microprogram No. 35
Energy, Infrastructure and Public Works
Courses:
35.1 — Energy Policy and Territorial Security
35.2 — Renewable, Oceanic and Decentralized Energy Systems
35.3 — Roads, Ports, Water Systems and Public Infrastructure
35.4 — Infrastructure Contracts, Maintenance and Regulation
35.5 — Institutional Planning of Essential Territorial Systems
Microprogram No. 36
Transport, Navigation and Territorial Logistics
Courses:
36.1 — Transport Law and Mobility Administration
36.2 — Maritime, Terrestrial and Aerial Transport Systems
36.3 — Ports, Corridors, Terminals and Territorial Access
36.4 — Supply Chains, Emergency Logistics and Distribution
36.5 — Strategic Mobility and Institutional Continuity
Microprogram No. 37
Urban Planning, Housing and Territorial Administration
Courses:
37.1 — Urban Institutions and Territorial Planning
37.2 — Land Use, Zoning and Building Administration
37.3 — Housing, Public Space and Community Infrastructure
37.4 — Urban Environment, Sanitation and Mobility
37.5 — Municipal and Indigenous Territorial Government
Microprogram No. 38
Environmental Governance and Biodiversity
Courses:
38.1 — Environmental Institutions and Ecological Law
38.2 — Biodiversity, Forests and Protected Areas
38.3 — Coastal, Marine and Watershed Governance
38.4 — Climate, Natural Hazards and Territorial Resilience
38.5 — Indigenous Environmental Knowledge and Resource Stewardship
Microprogram No. 39
Sociology, Population and Community Institutions
Courses:
39.1 — Sociological Theory and Institutional Analysis
39.2 — Population, Demography and Territorial Settlement
39.3 — Social Class, Inequality and Community Organization
39.4 — Migration, Diaspora and Transborder Communities
39.5 — Social Policy and Community Development
Microprogram No. 40
Anthropology, Ethnology and Indigenous Peoples
Courses:
40.1 — Anthropological and Ethnological Method
40.2 — Indigenous Peoples of the Caribbean and the Americas
40.3 — Kinship, Community, Culture and Social Institutions
40.4 — Colonial Classification, Identity and Population Continuity
40.5 — Material Culture, Oral History and Territorial Memory
Microprogram No. 41
Political Psychology and Post-Colonial Institutions
Courses:
41.1 — Political Psychology and Institutional Behaviour
41.2 — Colonial Authority, Collective Memory and Political Identity
41.3 — Plantation Society, Settlement and Extraction
41.4 — Maroon Communities, Resistance and Autonomous Organization
41.5 — Post-Colonial Legitimacy, Elites and State Formation
Microprogram No. 42
Women, Family and Social Institutions
Courses:
42.1 — Women in Indigenous and Territorial Institutions
42.2 — Family, Care and Community Organization
42.3 — Women’s Political Thought and Constitutional Rights
42.4 — Protection from Violence and Institutional Response
42.5 — Female Leadership, Economic Authority and Public Participation
Microprogram No. 43
Catholic Institutions, Canon Law and Political Theology
Courses:
43.1 — Foundations of Catholic Social and Political Doctrine
43.2 — Canonical Personality, Associations and Educational Institutions
43.3 — Church, State and Concordatory Relations
43.4 — Political Theology, Authority and the Common Good
43.5 — Catholic Institutions within the Constitutional Order of Xaragua
Microprogram No. 44
Historical Method, Archives and Documentary Evidence
Courses:
44.1 — Historical Method and Source Criticism
44.2 — Archives, Registers and Institutional Memory
44.3 — Oral History and Community Testimony
44.4 — Cartographic, Ecclesiastical and Administrative Evidence
44.5 — Preparation of Historical and Territorial Dossiers
Microprogram No. 45
Research Methods, Statistics and Institutional Analysis
Courses:
45.1 — Qualitative Research Methods
45.2 — Quantitative Research and Public Statistics
45.3 — Comparative and Case-Study Method
45.4 — Institutional Indicators and Territorial Data
45.5 — Research Design and Final Analytical Project
Microprogram No. 46
Communications, Media and Public Information
Courses:
46.1 — Public Communication and Institutional Information
46.2 — Journalism, Broadcasting and Documentary Production
46.3 — Political Communication and Public Opinion
46.4 — Digital Platforms, Archives and Information Sovereignty
46.5 — Official Publications, Press Relations and Crisis Communication
Microprogram No. 47
Literature, Political Thought and Xaraguayan Authors
Courses:
47.1 — Literature as Historical and Political Evidence
47.2 — Nineteenth-Century Xaraguayan Political Authors
47.3 — Indigenous, National and Anti-Colonial Thought
47.4 — Women Writers, Social Authority and Territorial Memory
47.5 — Contemporary Constitutional Reception of the Xaraguayan Corpus
Microprogram No. 48
Fine Arts, Cultural Institutions and Heritage Administration
Courses:
48.1 — Fine Arts and Indigenous Cultural Expression
48.2 — Music, Rara and Territorial Sound Traditions
48.3 — Museums, Archives and Cultural Institutions
48.4 — Monuments, Forts and Archaeological Heritage
48.5 — Cultural Policy, Intellectual Patrimony and Public Presentation
Microprogram No. 49
Public Health, Social Protection and Community Administration
Courses:
49.1 — Public Health Institutions and Territorial Administration
49.2 — Community Health, Prevention and Emergency Response
49.3 — Social Protection, Insurance and Institutional Assistance
49.4 — Food, Water, Sanitation and Population Security
49.5 — Health Regulation and Coordination of Specialized Services
Microprogram No. 50
Defence, Security and Civil Protection Institutions
Courses:
50.1 — Constitutional Organization of Defence and Public Security
50.2 — Civil-Military Institutions and Territorial Protection
50.3 — Intelligence, Investigation and Institutional Security
50.4 — Disaster Response, Emergency Administration and Civil Protection
50.5 — Maritime, Environmental and Strategic-Infrastructure Security
BOOK V
MULTIDISCIPLINARY QUALIFICATIONS
Article 11 — Multidisciplinary Certificate
A Multidisciplinary Certificate comprises two approved microprograms representing thirty SAC.
Its official title shall identify the two constituent academic fields.
The certificate shall establish an integrated formation joining:
a) the constitutional and institutional foundation of Xaragua with another academic field; or
b) two complementary academic fields approved as a coherent formation by the University.
The credential shall record:
a) the official title of each microprogram;
b) the number of each microprogram;
c) the courses completed;
d) the SAC conferred;
e) the academic classification of the integrated formation; and
f) the date of permanent registration.
Article 12 — Multidisciplinary Bachelor’s Degree
A Multidisciplinary Bachelor’s Degree comprises six approved microprograms representing ninety SAC.
Its curriculum shall include:
a) Microprogram No. 1;
b) Microprogram No. 2 or Microprogram No. 45;
c) four additional microprograms drawn from at least three academic fields represented in the General Register.
The official degree title shall be:
BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY INSTITUTIONAL STUDIES
The academic supplement shall identify the constituent microprograms and the approved multidisciplinary concentration.
Article 13 — Advanced Multidisciplinary Bachelor’s Degree
An Advanced Multidisciplinary Bachelor’s Degree comprises eight approved microprograms representing one hundred and twenty SAC.
Its curriculum shall include:
a) Microprogram No. 1;
b) Microprogram No. 2;
c) Microprogram No. 45;
d) five additional microprograms drawn from at least four academic fields;
e) an integrative institutional project; and
f) a final multidisciplinary examination or thesis authorized by the University.
The official degree title shall be:
ADVANCED BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY INSTITUTIONAL STUDIES
Article 14 — Multidisciplinary Concentrations
The University may register multidisciplinary concentrations including:
a) constitutional government and public administration;
b) Indigenous governance and territorial law;
c) diplomacy and international institutional relations;
d) political economy and territorial development;
e) maritime, environmental and natural-resource governance;
f) justice, criminology and public security;
g) citizenship, migration and transborder administration;
h) finance, enterprise and public revenue;
i) social institutions, population and community development;
j) culture, communications and institutional memory;
k) agriculture, food systems and rural administration;
l) infrastructure, energy and territorial logistics;
m) women, family and community institutions; and
n) another coherent multidisciplinary concentration constituted by competent academic act.
BOOK VI
ACADEMIC ADMINISTRATION
Article 15 — Admission
Admission shall be determined according to:
a) prior academic formation;
b) documentary capacity;
c) linguistic competence;
d) proposed academic pathway;
e) territorial or foreign classification;
f) programme capacity; and
g) satisfaction of applicable University requirements.
Article 16 — Assessment
Every course shall require verifiable assessment.
Assessment may consist of:
a) examinations;
b) juridical memoranda;
c) constitutional opinions;
d) legislative drafts;
e) administrative decisions;
f) comparative institutional studies;
g) policy instruments;
h) historical dossiers;
i) territorial reports;
j) documentary portfolios;
k) oral defences;
l) research papers; or
m) supervised institutional projects.
Article 17 — Academic Coherence
The conferral of a certificate or degree shall require:
a) completion of the prescribed microprograms;
b) acquisition of the statutory number of SAC;
c) satisfaction of compulsory curricular components;
d) completion of every required assessment;
e) confirmation of academic coherence;
f) authorization of conferral; and
g) permanent entry in the General Academic Register.
Article 18 — External Instruction
The University may recognize or commission external instruction where specialized legal, scientific, technical, clinical, laboratory or professional competence is required.
Every recognized external component shall be entered in the General Academic Register with:
a) its institutional origin;
b) its course title;
c) its academic content;
d) its assessed result;
e) its Xaraguayan equivalency;
f) its SAC value; and
g) the University requirement satisfied.
Article 19 — Academic Register
The General Academic Register shall record:
a) student identity;
b) academic classification;
c) admission;
d) registered pathway;
e) microprogram numbers;
f) course titles and numbers;
g) SAC values;
h) assessments and grades;
i) recognized external instruction;
j) equivalencies;
k) completion decisions;
l) credentials conferred; and
m) permanent credential identifiers.
BOOK VII
FINAL ORGANIC DETERMINATIONS
Article 20 — Principal Degree
The Bachelor’s Degree — Major in Indigenous Law and Political Science is established as the principal undergraduate juridical-political qualification of the University of Xaragua.
Its Local Academic Pathway comprises Microprograms Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
Its Foreign Student Academic Pathway comprises Microprograms Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 together with two approved electives.
Article 21 — Foundational Formation
Microprogram No. 1 — Constitutional, Territorial and Institutional Formation of Xaragua constitutes the compulsory University foundation established by this Law.
Its academic purpose is the systematic study of the Indigenous, territorial, constitutional, historical and institutional formation of Xaragua.
Article 22 — Microprogram Structure
Every microprogram constituted by this Law comprises five courses of three SAC each and possesses a total value of fifteen SAC.
Article 23 — Multidisciplinary Order
Certificates, bachelor’s degrees and advanced bachelor’s degrees constituted outside the principal juridical-political degree shall operate through the multidisciplinary qualification order established by Book V.
Their academic identity shall arise from the registered integration of their constituent microprograms.
Article 24 — Permanent Registration
Every programme title, microprogram number, course number, SAC value, compulsory requirement, elective classification and qualification structure established by this Law shall be entered in the General Academic Register.
Article 25 — Entry into Force
This Supreme Organic Academic Law enters into permanent force upon promulgation.
It shall govern the constitution, classification, delivery, assessment, accumulation, conferral and registration of the microprograms and qualifications established herein.
FINAL SUPREME ACADEMIC DETERMINATION
THE BACHELOR’S DEGREE — MAJOR IN INDIGENOUS LAW AND POLITICAL SCIENCE IS HEREBY CONSTITUTED AS THE PRINCIPAL UNDERGRADUATE JURIDICAL-POLITICAL DEGREE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA.
THE DEGREE POSSESSES A STATUTORY VALUE OF NINETY SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS AND COMPRISES SIX MICROPROGRAMS OF FIFTEEN SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS EACH.
MICROPROGRAMS NOS. 1, 2, 3 AND 4 CONSTITUTE THE COMPULSORY JURIDICAL-POLITICAL CORE.
MICROPROGRAMS NOS. 5 AND 6 CONSTITUTE THE COMPULSORY TERRITORIAL LEGAL FORMATION OF THE LOCAL ACADEMIC PATHWAY.
FOREIGN STUDENTS SHALL COMPLETE THE COMPULSORY JURIDICAL-POLITICAL CORE AND TWO ELECTIVE MICROPROGRAMS.
MICROPROGRAMS NOS. 5 AND 6 SHALL REMAIN AVAILABLE TO FOREIGN STUDENTS AS ELECTIVE TERRITORIAL LEGAL FORMATIONS.
MICROPROGRAM NO. 1 — CONSTITUTIONAL, TERRITORIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FORMATION OF XARAGUA — IS HEREBY ESTABLISHED AS THE COMPULSORY FOUNDATIONAL MICROPROGRAM OF THE UNIVERSITY.
EVERY MICROPROGRAM SHALL COMPRISE FIVE COURSES OF THREE SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS EACH AND SHALL POSSESS A TOTAL VALUE OF FIFTEEN SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS.
THE GENERAL REGISTER OF MICROPROGRAMS ESTABLISHED BY THIS LAW SHALL CONSTITUTE THE CONTROLLING ACADEMIC LIST OF THE UNIVERSITY.
MULTIDISCIPLINARY CERTIFICATES SHALL POSSESS A VALUE OF THIRTY SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS.
MULTIDISCIPLINARY BACHELOR’S DEGREES SHALL POSSESS A VALUE OF NINETY SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS.
ADVANCED MULTIDISCIPLINARY BACHELOR’S DEGREES SHALL POSSESS A VALUE OF ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS.
EVERY QUALIFICATION SHALL BE CONFERRED THROUGH VERIFIED COMPLETION, FORMAL ACADEMIC AUTHORIZATION AND PERMANENT REGISTRATION.
SO CONSTITUTED.
SO CLASSIFIED.
SO REGISTERED.
SO PROMULGATED.

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA

OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT

SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

SUPREME ACADEMIC AUTHORITY

HIGH RECTORAL COUNCIL

GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER

GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE

SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC LAW OF STATE

ON THE INDIGENOUS FOUNDATION OF THE XARAGUAYAN ACADEMIC ORDER; THE CLASSIFICATION AND RECEPTION OF GREEK, ROMAN, EUROPEAN, WESTERN AND OTHER EXTERNAL INTELLECTUAL TRADITIONS; THE PERMANENT PRIMACY OF THE XARAGUAYAN CORPUS; AND THE EXCLUSIVE AUTHORITY OF THE UNIVERSITY OVER CURRICULAR ORIENTATION

Institutional Classification: Supreme Organic Academic Law of State — Indigenous Academic Jurisdiction Act — Curriculum Supremacy Code — External Knowledge Reception Statute — Xaraguayan Corpus Primacy Instrument — University Bibliographical Authority Act

Constitutional Rank: Supreme, organic, controlling, self-executing, directly applicable and permanently binding upon every faculty, school, institute, department, division, campus, external campus, digital platform, academic program, microprogram, course, syllabus, bibliography, instructor, examiner, contractor, delegated professor and partner institution acting within or under the authority of the University of Xaragua

Promulgating Authority: Office of the Rector-President

Supreme Constitutional Authority: Rector-President of the Sovereign Catholic Indigenous and Private State of Xaragua

Supreme Academic Institution: University of Xaragua

Competent Legislative-Academic Authority: High Rectoral Council

Permanent Registration Authority: General Academic Register

Official Depositary: General Archives of the State

Material Scope: Academic jurisdiction; curricular sovereignty; Indigenous education; classification of knowledge; external intellectual traditions; comparative instruction; course formation; bibliographical authority; faculty competence; academic partnerships; delegated instruction; permanent curriculum control

Controlling Legal Authorities: Constitution of Xaragua; Supreme Constitutional and Organic Acts of the State; United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Articles 3, 4, 5, 13, 14, 18, 20, 31, 33 and 34; American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Articles III, VI, XIII, XIV, XV, XXI, XXII and XXIII; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Articles 1, 13 and 15; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Articles 1 and 27; Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Articles 26 and 27; and Code of Canon Law, Canons 215–218, 229, 793–795, 800 and 807–814

SUPREME ENACTING CLAUSE

BY THE ORIGINAL CONSTITUENT AUTHORITY OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF XARAGUA;

BY THE SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL, LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE AND ACADEMIC POWERS VESTED IN THE OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT;

BY THE INSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA TO ESTABLISH, CONTROL, DEVELOP, CLASSIFY, DELIVER, ASSESS, ACCREDIT, REGISTER AND CERTIFY ITS OWN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS, PROGRAMS AND INTELLECTUAL FORMATIONS;

FOR THE PERMANENT DETERMINATION OF THE SOURCES, HIERARCHY, RECEPTION, APPLICATION AND CURRICULAR EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE WITHIN THE XARAGUAYAN ACADEMIC ORDER;

THE FOLLOWING SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC LAW OF STATE IS HEREBY ENACTED, PROMULGATED AND ORDERED TO BE EXECUTED.

BOOK I — CONSTITUTION OF THE XARAGUAYAN ACADEMIC ORDER

Article 1 — Indigenous Academic Foundation

The University of Xaragua is hereby confirmed as an Indigenous university founded upon the original educational, intellectual and institutional authority of the People of Xaragua.

Its academic order shall proceed from the history, territory, constitutional organization, juridical institutions, collective knowledge, material conditions and permanent requirements of Xaragua.

Article 2 — Supreme Academic Jurisdiction

The University possesses exclusive internal jurisdiction to determine:

a) the foundational academic corpus;

b) the classification of disciplines;

c) the constitution of faculties and schools;

d) the creation of programs and courses;

e) the selection and hierarchy of sources;

f) the content and extent of required readings;

g) the admission of external knowledge;

h) the method of comparative instruction;

i) the appointment and mandate of instructors;

j) the assessment of academic competence; and

k) the conferral and permanent registration of qualifications.

No external institution, tradition, canon, ministry, university, professor or scholarly body shall exercise constituent academic authority within the University of Xaragua.

Article 3 — Principal Academic Corpus

The constitutional acts, organic laws, codes, regulations, policies, historical dossiers, territorial instruments, institutional records, archives, economic programs, scientific policies, cultural instruments and academic publications of Xaragua shall constitute the principal corpus of the University in every discipline to which they materially apply.

The competent faculty shall determine the authoritative status, curricular placement and instructional use of every component of that corpus.

Article 4 — Xaraguayan Academic Point of Departure

Every academic program shall proceed from the applicable Xaraguayan field, institution, territory, community, problem or body of knowledge.

Xaragua shall constitute the principal subject, source and jurisdictional point of departure of its own academic order.

No external intellectual system shall displace that position.

BOOK II — CLASSIFICATION OF EXTERNAL KNOWLEDGE

Article 5 — External Intellectual Traditions

Greek, Roman, European, Western, African, Asian, Middle Eastern, American, Caribbean and other non-Xaraguayan intellectual traditions are hereby classified as external academic sources within the University of Xaragua.

Such classification shall govern their reception, interpretation, curricular placement and academic effect.

Article 6 — Authorized Reception

The University may receive external philosophical, juridical, political, theological, historical, economic, scientific, technical, artistic and professional knowledge.

External knowledge may be:

a) prescribed as compulsory reading;

b) incorporated as comparative material;

c) assigned as historical authority;

d) received as technical or scientific instruction;

e) examined as an object of criticism;

f) adapted to territorial requirements;

g) recognized through equivalency or transfer;

h) delivered through delegated instruction; or

i) excluded from a particular program by competent academic determination.

Article 7 — Juridical Effect of Reception

Reception of an external text, author, concept, doctrine, course or qualification shall produce only the academic effect expressly assigned by the University.

Reception shall not confer:

a) foundational status;

b) supremacy over the Xaraguayan corpus;

c) universal normative authority;

d) power to determine the structure of a Xaraguayan program;

e) authority to redefine Indigenous institutions;

f) control over University certification; or

g) jurisdiction over the General Academic Register.

Article 8 — Absence of Automatic Authority

No external author, doctrine, school, canon or bibliography shall possess compulsory status solely by reason of antiquity, foreign institutional recognition, international circulation, colonial transmission or conventional inclusion within another university system.

Compulsory academic status shall arise exclusively from an authorized act, curriculum or syllabus of the University of Xaragua.

BOOK III — GREEK, ROMAN, EUROPEAN AND WESTERN TRADITIONS

Article 9 — Academic Classification

Greek, Roman, European and Western traditions shall be studied as historically and territorially constituted systems of thought.

Their principal authors, institutions, texts and doctrines may be assigned to the relevant courses in philosophy, political science, law, theology, history, economics, administration and comparative institutional studies.

Article 10 — Non-Foundational Status

Greek, Roman, European and Western traditions shall not constitute the original constitutional or academic foundation of the University of Xaragua.

Their inclusion in a program shall not convert them into the source of:

a) Indigenous constituent authority;

b) Xaraguayan constitutional personality;

c) ancestral territorial title;

d) Indigenous educational jurisdiction;

e) community authority;

f) Xaraguayan academic accreditation; or

g) institutional legitimacy.

Article 11 — Faculty Power of Selection

The competent faculty shall select the external authors, works, excerpts, doctrines and bibliographical materials required for each course.

The faculty may prescribe complete works, selected chapters, excerpts, commentaries, official translations, comparative studies or academically sufficient summaries.

No external canon shall bind the faculty independently of a University academic act.

Article 12 — Curricular Proportionality

The instructional importance assigned to an external tradition shall correspond to its function within the applicable Xaraguayan program.

The competent faculty shall determine:

a) its required depth;

b) its place in the course sequence;

c) its relationship to the Xaraguayan corpus;

d) its comparative value;

e) its assessment effect; and

f) the limits of its curricular application.

BOOK IV — WESTPHALIAN POLITICAL AND JURIDICAL SYSTEMS

Article 13 — Legal Classification of the Westphalian State

The Westphalian State is hereby classified as a particular historical form of centralized territorial and interstate political organization.

It shall be studied together with federal, confederal, autonomous, associated, supranational, ecclesiastical, customary, communal, Indigenous and other institutional orders.

Article 14 — Academic Use

Westphalian political and juridical doctrines may be used to examine:

a) territorial sovereignty;

b) centralized government;

c) constitutional authority;

d) public administration;

e) diplomatic recognition;

f) international legal personality;

g) borders and interstate relations;

h) nationality and citizenship;

i) treaty systems; and

j) international organizations.

Such doctrines shall possess comparative and technical authority within the precise scope assigned by the competent faculty.

Article 15 — Inapplicability as Exclusive Measure

The Westphalian State shall not constitute the exclusive academic measure of political existence, constitutional authority, institutional personality, territorial organization or external capacity.

No Xaraguayan institution shall be classified as deficient solely because its authority is Indigenous, differentiated, non-secessionist, non-Westphalian, territorially shared or exercised through legal pluralism.

Article 16 — Indigenous Constitutional Primacy

Instruction concerning Xaragua shall proceed from:

a) original Indigenous constituent authority;

b) Indigenous self-determination;

c) autonomy and self-government;

d) institutional continuity;

e) legal pluralism;

f) customary and community authority;

g) differentiated external capacity;

h) territorial and maritime relations;

i) functional interoperability; and

j) the constitutional order established by Xaragua.

Westphalian doctrines shall remain subordinate to this constitutional classification when applied within the Xaraguayan academic order.

BOOK V — RELATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE INSTRUCTION

Article 17 — Indigenous Relation Requirement

External traditions shall be examined in relation to the Indigenous, territorial and institutional position of Xaragua wherever such relation forms part of the subject matter.

The applicable instruction shall identify:

a) the external doctrine;

b) its historical and political origin;

c) the institutions for which it was formulated;

d) its treatment of Indigenous peoples and non-Westphalian orders;

e) its relation to colonial and postcolonial administration;

f) its compatibility with Xaraguayan law;

g) its comparative utility; and

h) the scope of any authorized reception.

Article 18 — Comparative Equality

Comparative instruction shall not presume the superiority, universality or normative centrality of the external system examined.

The University shall compare institutions according to expressly identified criteria, including legal form, institutional capacity, territorial application, public effectiveness, historical continuity, protection of rights and relevance to the population concerned.

Article 19 — No Substitution of the Indigenous Subject

No course shall reduce Xaragua, its people or its institutions to an illustrative case governed exclusively by concepts imported from another intellectual order.

Where Xaragua constitutes the subject of the course, Xaraguayan sources shall possess primary academic status.

Article 20 — Study of External Political Systems

European and Western political systems may be examined within comparative politics, international relations, constitutional studies, diplomatic studies and other authorized fields.

Such examination shall classify those systems as external political orders and shall not incorporate their constitutional foundations into the constitutional order of Xaragua.

BOOK VI — CURRICULUM AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL AUTHORITY

Article 21 — Exclusive Curriculum Authority

The University retains exclusive authority over the composition of every curriculum established under its name.

No external instructor, academic partner or educational provider may:

a) replace the Xaraguayan foundation of a program;

b) impose an unauthorized foreign canon;

c) alter compulsory Indigenous content;

d) subordinate Xaraguayan sources to external doctrine;

e) modify the official credit structure; or

f) represent an external curriculum as the curriculum of the University.

Article 22 — Bibliographical Classification

Every bibliography shall be classified as:

a) primary Xaraguayan authority;

b) Indigenous international authority;

c) applicable external legal authority;

d) comparative academic authority;

e) technical or scientific authority;

f) historical source; or

g) supplementary reference.

The classification assigned by the University shall determine the academic function of the source.

Article 23 — Compulsory Xaraguayan Sources

Every course concerning the law, government, history, territory, economy, culture, institutions or public policies of Xaragua shall prescribe the applicable primary Xaraguayan sources.

No external secondary source shall displace an applicable primary constitutional, legislative, administrative or archival instrument of Xaragua.

Article 24 — External Bibliographies

External bibliographies shall be incorporated only to the extent authorized by the competent faculty.

The University may limit, consolidate, translate, excerpt, reorganize or distribute external readings according to the scope and learning outcomes of the course.

Article 25 — Delegated Instruction

A delegated instructor shall teach external or specialized material within the academic mandate issued by the University.

Delegation shall not confer authority to determine:

a) the constitutional foundation of the program;

b) the status of the Xaraguayan corpus;

c) compulsory University doctrine;

d) academic accreditation;

e) qualification classification; or

f) credential conferral.

BOOK VII — INSTITUTIONAL APPLICATION

Article 26 — Faculty Responsibility

Every faculty shall apply this Law in the establishment, interpretation and delivery of its programs.

Faculty implementation shall include:

a) identification of the Xaraguayan foundation;

b) classification of external sources;

c) determination of required comparative materials;

d) protection of compulsory Indigenous content;

e) verification of bibliographical proportionality; and

f) conformity of assessment with the declared academic purpose.

Article 27 — Program Authorization

Every new microprogram, certificate, major, Bachelor’s degree, Advanced Bachelor’s degree, school or specialized academic pathway shall identify:

a) its Xaraguayan institutional purpose;

b) its principal corpus;

c) its compulsory Indigenous components;

d) its external instructional components;

e) the juridical status of those external components; and

f) the faculty competent to determine their academic effect.

Article 28 — Academic Partnerships

Every agreement involving an external university, institute, professor, school or technical provider shall preserve the supreme academic authority of the University of Xaragua.

No partnership shall transfer control over:

a) the Indigenous foundation of the University;

b) the Xaraguayan academic core;

c) institutional accreditation;

d) curriculum authorization;

e) credit allocation;

f) assessment standards;

g) qualification conferral; or

h) permanent academic registration.

BOOK VIII — SUPREMACY AND FINAL DETERMINATIONS

Article 29 — Binding Hierarchy

The following hierarchy shall govern academic interpretation within the University:

a) the Constitution and Supreme Organic Acts of Xaragua;

b) the present Law and other controlling academic laws;

c) the primary Xaraguayan corpus applicable to the discipline;

d) Indigenous international legal instruments;

e) authorized faculty and program instruments;

f) applicable external primary sources;

g) approved comparative, scientific and technical authorities; and

h) supplementary academic literature.

No subordinate source shall displace a superior source within the material scope of its authority.

Article 30 — Controlling Academic Determination

The University of Xaragua shall study Greek, Roman, European, Western and other external intellectual traditions under its own academic jurisdiction.

Their study is authorized.

Their comparative, historical, juridical, philosophical, theological, scientific and technical use is authorized.

Their selective incorporation into University programs is authorized.

Their elevation into the original or controlling foundation of the Xaraguayan academic order is prohibited.

Article 31 — Permanent Doctrinal Formula

The following formula shall possess binding academic force:

XARAGUA CONSTITUTES THE FOUNDATION.

THE XARAGUAYAN CORPUS CONSTITUTES THE PRINCIPAL ACADEMIC AUTHORITY.

INDIGENOUS LAW DETERMINES THE INSTITUTIONAL POINT OF DEPARTURE.

EXTERNAL KNOWLEDGE IS CLASSIFIED, RECEIVED AND APPLIED BY THE UNIVERSITY.

NO FOREIGN CANON POSSESSES AUTOMATIC OR UNIVERSAL AUTHORITY WITHIN THE XARAGUAYAN ACADEMIC ORDER.

Article 32 — Supremacy

This Law shall control every inconsistent faculty regulation, program description, syllabus, bibliography, instructional practice, academic agreement and external representation.

Any prior internal provision inconsistent with this Law is hereby displaced within the material scope of the inconsistency.

Article 33 — Self-Execution

This Law is self-executing.

Its classifications, prohibitions, authorizations and rules of academic hierarchy shall bind every component of the University immediately upon promulgation.

Article 34 — Entry into Force

This Supreme Organic Academic Law of State shall enter into permanent force upon signature, promulgation and entry in the General Academic Register and General Archives of the State.

FINAL SUPREME ACADEMIC DETERMINATION

THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA IS AN INDIGENOUS UNIVERSITY.

ITS CONSTITUTIVE ACADEMIC FOUNDATION IS XARAGUAYAN.

ITS PRINCIPAL CORPUS IS PRODUCED, CLASSIFIED AND PRESERVED WITHIN THE INSTITUTIONAL ORDER OF XARAGUA.

GREEK, ROMAN, EUROPEAN, WESTERN AND OTHER EXTERNAL TRADITIONS ARE AUTHORIZED OBJECTS OF STUDY.

THEY SHALL BE RECEIVED AS HISTORICAL, COMPARATIVE, JURIDICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL, THEOLOGICAL, SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL OR SUPPLEMENTARY SOURCES ACCORDING TO THE DETERMINATION OF THE COMPETENT UNIVERSITY AUTHORITY.

THEIR STUDY SHALL REMAIN CONNECTED TO THE INDIGENOUS, TERRITORIAL, CONSTITUTIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES OF THE APPLICABLE PROGRAM.

THEY SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE THE ORIGINAL, UNIVERSAL OR CONTROLLING FOUNDATION OF THE UNIVERSITY.

THE WESTPHALIAN STATE SHALL BE STUDIED AS A PARTICULAR POLITICAL AND INTERNATIONAL FORM.

IT SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE THE EXCLUSIVE MEASURE OF INDIGENOUS AUTHORITY, POLITICAL EXISTENCE, CONSTITUTIONAL PERSONALITY OR INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY.

THE UNIVERSITY SHALL DETERMINE THE QUESTIONS GOVERNING ITS PROGRAMS.

THE UNIVERSITY SHALL SELECT THE SOURCES REQUIRED TO ANSWER THOSE QUESTIONS.

THE UNIVERSITY SHALL DETERMINE THE STATUS, EXTENT AND EFFECT OF EVERY EXTERNAL DOCTRINE RECEIVED INTO ITS CURRICULUM.

NO EXTERNAL AUTHOR, SCHOOL, BIBLIOGRAPHY, UNIVERSITY OR INTELLECTUAL TRADITION SHALL DISPLACE THE PERMANENT PRIMACY OF THE XARAGUAYAN ACADEMIC CORPUS.

SO ENACTED.

SO PROMULGATED.

SO ORDERED TO BE EXECUTED.

SO ENTERED INTO THE PERMANENT ACADEMIC AND CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER OF XARAGUA.

ISSUED AT MIRAGOÂNE, CONSTITUTIONAL CAPITAL OF THE SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA.

PASCAL DESPUZEAU DAUMEC VIAU

RECTOR-PRESIDENT

SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

RECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

ENTERED IN THE GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER

DEPOSITED IN THE GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE

PERMANENT ACADEMIC FORCE — DIRECT APPLICATION — BINDING CURRICULAR EXECUTION

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA

OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT

SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

SUPREME ACADEMIC AUTHORITY

HIGH RECTORAL COUNCIL

GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER

GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE

SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC LAW OF STATE

ON THE ESTABLISHMENT, CLASSIFICATION, AUTHORIZATION, DELIVERY, ASSESSMENT, CREDIT VALUE AND PERMANENT REGISTRATION OF AUTONOMOUS AND COMPLEMENTARY COURSES; THEIR ACADEMIC CONSOLIDATION INTO PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAMS; AND THEIR APPLICATION TO THE CUMULATIVE QUALIFICATION ORDER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

Institutional Classification: Supreme Organic Academic Law of State — Autonomous Course Act — Complementary Instruction Statute — Particular Microprogram Constitution Law — Flexible Curriculum and Academic Consolidation Code — Sovereign Academic Credit Application Instrument — University Qualifications Register Act

Constitutional Rank: Supreme, organic, controlling, self-executing, directly applicable and permanently binding upon every faculty, school, institute, department, division, centre, academy, chair, campus, external campus, digital platform, professor, delegated instructor, examiner, partner institution and administrative authority operating within or under the academic jurisdiction of the University of Xaragua

Promulgating Authority: Office of the Rector-President

Supreme Constitutional Authority: Rector-President of the Sovereign Catholic Indigenous and Private State of Xaragua

Supreme Academic Institution: University of Xaragua

Competent Legislative-Academic Authority: High Rectoral Council

Permanent Registration Authority: General Academic Register

Official Depositary: General Archives of the State

Material Scope: Autonomous courses; complementary courses; individual course registration; Sovereign Academic Credits; recognition of external courses; course banks; individualized academic pathways; particular microprograms; curricular consolidation; assessment; qualification conferral; credit accumulation; permanent registration

Controlling Academic Authority: Supreme Organic Academic Law of State governing the Microprogram System of the University of Xaragua

Principal International Authorities: United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Articles 3, 4, 5, 13, 14, 18, 20, 31, 33 and 34; American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Articles III, VI, XIII, XIV, XV, XXI, XXII and XXIII; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Articles 1, 13 and 15; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 27; Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Articles 26 and 27

Applicable Canonical Authorities: Code of Canon Law, Canons 215–218, 229, 298–299, 321–326, 793–795, 800 and 807, subject to the separate canonical requirements governing specifically canonical mandates, titles and academic effects

SUPREME ENACTING CLAUSE

BY THE ORIGINAL CONSTITUENT AUTHORITY OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF XARAGUA;

BY THE SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL, LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE AND ACADEMIC POWERS VESTED IN THE OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT;

BY THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA TO ESTABLISH, CLASSIFY, DELIVER, ASSESS, ACCREDIT, CONSOLIDATE, CERTIFY AND REGISTER ITS ACADEMIC FORMATIONS;

FOR THE ORGANIZED CONSTITUTION OF FLEXIBLE UNIVERSITY PATHWAYS THROUGH AUTONOMOUS AND COMPLEMENTARY COURSES SUBJECT TO FORMAL CURRICULAR COHERENCE, ACADEMIC CONTROL AND PERMANENT REGISTRATION;

THE FOLLOWING SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC LAW OF STATE IS HEREBY ENACTED, PROMULGATED AND ORDERED TO BE EXECUTED.

BOOK I — GENERAL ACADEMIC ORDER

Article 1 — Establishment

A permanent system of autonomous courses, complementary courses and particular microprograms is hereby established within the academic order of the University of Xaragua.

The System shall operate as an integral component of the University Microprogram System and shall remain subject to its uniform credit, assessment, accreditation, qualification and registration requirements.

Article 2 — Supreme Academic Jurisdiction

The University shall exercise exclusive internal authority over:

a) the creation and classification of autonomous courses;

b) the creation and classification of complementary courses;

c) the attribution of course codes and SAC values;

d) admission and registration;

e) instructional authorization;

f) assessment and academic integrity;

g) recognition of external instruction;

h) determination of curricular compatibility;

i) consolidation of courses into particular microprograms;

j) attribution of program titles and codes;

k) qualification conferral; and

l) permanent academic registration.

Article 3 — Subordination to the General Microprogram Law

Every autonomous course, complementary course and particular microprogram shall remain governed by the Supreme Organic Academic Law of State constituting the Microprogram System.

No course combination established under this Law may alter the uniform statutory structure of five courses, three SAC per course and fifteen SAC per microprogram.

Article 4 — Faculty Jurisdiction

Every autonomous or complementary course shall be attributed to a competent faculty, school, institute, department or interdisciplinary academic authority.

Faculty attribution shall determine curricular supervision, instructor authorization, assessment jurisdiction and the disciplinary classification of the credit earned.

Article 5 — Academic Status of Individual Courses

An autonomous or complementary course shall constitute an authorized credit-bearing academic unit.

Completion of an individual course shall produce:

a) three SAC;

b) an official course result;

c) permanent entry in the student’s academic record; and

d) eligibility for application to an authorized microprogram or other academic requirement.

Completion of an individual course shall not independently constitute completion of a microprogram.

BOOK II — AUTONOMOUS COURSES

Article 6 — Definition

An autonomous course is an independently constituted University course possessing its own:

a) official title;

b) course code;

c) disciplinary classification;

d) academic description;

e) learning outcomes;

f) prescribed content;

g) instructional authority;

h) assessment regime;

i) completion standard; and

j) value of three SAC.

Article 7 — Independent Registration

A student may register for an autonomous course without simultaneous enrollment in a complete specialized microprogram, subject to applicable admission and prerequisite requirements.

Independent registration shall not predetermine the subsequent program, faculty, qualification or cumulative pathway to which the course may be applied.

Article 8 — Constitutive Authority

An autonomous course shall be established through:

a) a rectoral academic order;

b) a faculty academic instrument approved by the University;

c) a school or institute regulation issued under delegated authority; or

d) an academic agreement expressly approved by the supreme academic authority.

No informal instructional activity shall acquire autonomous-course status without formal authorization.

Article 9 — Academic Scope

Autonomous courses may be established in any field lawfully incorporated into the University, including:

a) Indigenous law and institutions;

b) constitutional and political studies;

c) history, anthropology and ethnology;

d) public administration and territorial governance;

e) diplomacy and international participation;

f) economic and commercial studies;

g) environmental and territorial studies;

h) technology and biological sciences;

i) media, arts and documentary studies;

j) professional development;

k) languages and methodology; and

l) another field authorized by the University.

Article 10 — Assessment

Every autonomous course shall require verifiable assessment.

No SAC shall be awarded solely for registration, payment, attendance, informal participation or unsupported professional experience.

Article 11 — Autonomous Course Record

Upon successful completion, the General Academic Register shall record:

a) the official course title and code;

b) the responsible academic unit;

c) the instructional provider;

d) the mode of delivery;

e) the assessment result;

f) the three SAC earned;

g) the date of completion; and

h) any authorized curricular application.

Article 12 — Course Completion Instrument

The University may issue a Course Completion Record for an autonomous course.

A Course Completion Record shall certify completion of the identified course and its three SAC. It shall not constitute an Attestation, Certificate, Bachelor’s Degree, Advanced Bachelor’s Degree or professional licence.

BOOK III — COMPLEMENTARY COURSES

Article 13 — Definition

A complementary course is an authorized University course established to supplement, contextualize, integrate or extend an academic, professional, technical or institutional formation.

Every complementary course shall possess an official code, approved curriculum, verifiable assessment and a value of three SAC.

Article 14 — Academic Functions

A complementary course may serve:

a) the Xaraguayan academic core;

b) Indigenous institutional orientation;

c) territorial contextualization;

d) professional adaptation;

e) interdisciplinary integration;

f) methodological formation;

g) language formation;

h) practical application;

i) academic remediation;

j) advanced or specialized development; or

k) another formally identified curricular function.

Article 15 — Complementarity to External Formation

The University may require a complementary course where a student’s principal professional, scientific or technical instruction has been obtained from an external institution.

The complementary course may connect that instruction to:

a) Indigenous law;

b) Xaraguayan history;

c) territorial conditions;

d) community requirements;

e) public administration;

f) regional economic policy;

g) environmental conditions;

h) institutional responsibility; and

i) the academic order of the University.

Article 16 — Compulsory or Elective Status

A complementary course may be classified as:

a) compulsory within a specified program;

b) restricted elective;

c) general elective;

d) prerequisite;

e) co-requisite;

f) integrative requirement; or

g) approved component of a particular microprogram.

Its classification shall be determined by the constitutive course instrument or subsequent curricular decision.

Article 17 — Independent Academic Value

A complementary course shall produce three SAC upon successful completion and permanent registration.

Its complementary status shall not diminish its academic value or prevent its subsequent application to an authorized particular microprogram.

Article 18 — Prohibition of Multiple Counting

The same complementary course may satisfy more than one institutional condition where authorized, but its three SAC shall be counted only once within the numerical total of a single qualification.

The General Academic Register shall distinguish satisfaction of multiple requirements from multiple award of the same credit.

BOOK IV — AUTONOMOUS AND COMPLEMENTARY COURSE BANK

Article 19 — Establishment of the Course Bank

The Autonomous and Complementary Course Bank is hereby established as the official University register of courses eligible for independent registration and subsequent curricular consolidation.

The Course Bank shall operate under the authority of the General Academic Register.

Article 20 — Required Course-Bank Information

The Course Bank shall identify for every course:

a) its official title;

b) its course code;

c) its faculty attribution;

d) its classification as autonomous, complementary or both;

e) its SAC value;

f) its prerequisites and co-requisites;

g) its approved delivery modes;

h) its authorized curricular applications;

i) its operational status; and

j) the date and authority of establishment.

Article 21 — Operational Status

A course entered in the Course Bank may be classified as:

a) active;

b) scheduled;

c) restricted;

d) suspended;

e) reserved; or

f) abolished.

Suspension or reservation shall not extinguish credits previously earned.

Article 22 — Cross-Faculty Application

A course may be recognized by more than one faculty where its content is relevant to multiple academic fields.

Cross-faculty recognition shall not transfer the course from its responsible academic unit or alter its official SAC value.

Article 23 — Modification of Courses

Modification of a Course Bank entry shall require an authorized academic act.

A modification affecting title, code, curriculum, learning outcomes, credit value or faculty attribution shall be permanently documented.

BOOK V — PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAMS

Article 24 — Establishment of the Classification

A Particular Microprogram is hereby established as an individualized, interdisciplinary or purpose-specific University qualification constituted through the formal consolidation of five compatible autonomous or complementary courses.

Every Particular Microprogram shall possess a total value of fifteen SAC.

Article 25 — Juridical Nature

A Particular Microprogram shall constitute a University qualification only upon formal academic constitution.

Completion of five courses shall create eligibility for academic consolidation. It shall not independently or automatically establish a microprogram.

Article 26 — Required Composition

A Particular Microprogram shall comprise:

a) five successfully completed courses;

b) three SAC assigned to each course;

c) fifteen SAC in total;

d) an identifiable academic purpose;

e) substantive curricular coherence;

f) an assigned faculty or interdisciplinary authority;

g) verified assessment records;

h) an official qualification title;

i) an official microprogram code; and

j) permanent entry in the University Qualifications Register.

Article 27 — Permitted Course Composition

A Particular Microprogram may be formed from:

a) five autonomous courses;

b) five complementary courses;

c) a combination of autonomous and complementary courses;

d) direct University courses and recognized external courses;

e) courses attributed to one faculty; or

f) an approved interdisciplinary combination of courses attributed to multiple faculties.

Article 28 — Academic Coherence

The competent academic authority shall determine whether the proposed courses form a coherent program.

The determination shall consider:

a) the common academic field;

b) the relationship between learning outcomes;

c) progression or complementarity of content;

d) the institutional or professional purpose;

e) the level of instruction;

f) the absence of substantial duplication;

g) the form of integrative competence produced; and

h) consistency with University law.

Article 29 — Particularity

A Particular Microprogram may be constituted:

a) for an individual student;

b) for a defined student cohort;

c) for an autonomous community;

d) for a public or private institution;

e) for a professional or technical group;

f) pursuant to an academic partnership; or

g) for a specific territorial, administrative, economic or community requirement.

Article 30 — Initiation of Consolidation

Consolidation may be initiated by:

a) the Rector-President;

b) the High Rectoral Council;

c) the competent faculty;

d) a University school or institute;

e) the Registrar;

f) the student concerned;

g) an autonomous community; or

h) an authorized institutional partner.

A request shall not bind the University or predetermine the resulting qualification.

Article 31 — Prospective Constitution

The University may approve a Particular Microprogram before the student begins its constituent courses.

The prospective approval shall identify the five required courses, the program title, the responsible academic authority and the conditions of qualification.

Article 32 — Retrospective Consolidation

The University may consolidate five previously completed courses into a Particular Microprogram where:

a) every course was lawfully authorized or formally recognized;

b) every course carries three SAC;

c) all assessment results are verifiable;

d) the courses possess substantive academic coherence;

e) the credits have not been exhausted within an incompatible qualification; and

f) the competent authority approves the resulting program.

Article 33 — Prohibition of Student Self-Constitution

No student may independently declare that completed courses constitute a Particular Microprogram.

The power to determine curricular coherence, assign a qualification title, issue a program code and confer the resulting Attestation is reserved exclusively to the University.

Article 34 — Qualification Title

The University shall assign the title of a Particular Microprogram according to its dominant academic field, integrative purpose and constituent courses.

The qualification title shall accurately identify the academic formation completed and shall not imply professional authority, scientific competence or specialization unsupported by the curriculum.

Article 35 — Program Code

Every Particular Microprogram shall receive a permanent program code assigned by the General Academic Register.

The code shall identify:

a) its responsible faculty or interdisciplinary classification;

b) its status as a Particular Microprogram;

c) its sequence number; and

d) any individual, cohort or institutional restriction attached to its constitution.

Article 36 — Integrative Requirement

The competent faculty may require an integrative examination, memorandum, dossier, project, portfolio, field report or oral defence before consolidation.

An integrative requirement may confirm the substantive unity of courses completed through different faculties, periods, delivery modes or institutions.

Article 37 — Conferral

Upon satisfaction of the constitutive decision, the University shall confer an Attestation of Particular Specialization bearing the official title of the approved Particular Microprogram.

The Attestation shall possess a value of fifteen SAC and shall identify the qualification as individually or institutionally constituted where such identification is required for documentary accuracy.

BOOK VI — HISTORY OF XARAGUA AND CUMULATIVE APPLICATION

Article 38 — Foundational Requirement

The Microprogram in History of Xaragua shall remain the compulsory foundational microprogram and the first fifteen SAC of every cumulative Certificate, Bachelor’s Degree and Advanced Bachelor’s Degree.

A student may complete authorized autonomous or complementary courses before completing the foundational microprogram where admission regulations permit.

No Particular Microprogram qualification shall be conferred before completion and permanent registration of the Microprogram in History of Xaragua.

Article 39 — Application to a Certificate

An approved Particular Microprogram may constitute the specialized fifteen-SAC component of a Certificate of Completion.

The Certificate shall comprise:

a) the Microprogram in History of Xaragua, representing fifteen SAC; and

b) the Particular Microprogram, representing fifteen SAC.

The Certificate shall possess a total value of thirty SAC.

Article 40 — Application to a Bachelor’s Degree

A Particular Microprogram may constitute one of the five specialized microprograms forming a Bachelor’s Degree of ninety SAC.

Its inclusion shall require approval under the applicable degree structure and determination that it contributes to the coherence of the Bachelor’s Degree.

Article 41 — Application to an Advanced Bachelor’s Degree

A Particular Microprogram may constitute one of the seven specialized microprograms forming an Advanced Bachelor’s Degree of one hundred and twenty SAC.

Its inclusion shall remain subject to faculty approval and the advanced academic requirements governing the degree.

Article 42 — Status Within Cumulative Progression

Upon conferral, a Particular Microprogram shall possess the same fifteen-SAC value as a permanently scheduled specialized microprogram.

Its particular, individualized or interdisciplinary origin shall not reduce its internal academic value.

Article 43 — Restriction of Application

The competent faculty may determine that a Particular Microprogram:

a) applies to a specified Certificate only;

b) applies to a specified Bachelor’s Degree or concentration;

c) applies as an elective microprogram;

d) satisfies a professional-development requirement; or

e) remains an autonomous Attestation without application to a higher qualification.

The applicable restriction shall be recorded at the time of constitution.

BOOK VII — EXTERNAL AND PRIOR LEARNING

Article 44 — Recognized External Courses

An external course may be incorporated into a Particular Microprogram following formal recognition of:

a) the originating institution;

b) the course content;

c) the academic level;

d) the assessment completed;

e) the credit equivalency; and

f) its compatibility with the proposed program.

Article 45 — SAC Equivalency

An external course shall count as one constituent course only where the University assigns it a value of three SAC.

Where the recognized value is lower or higher, the University shall prescribe supplementation, division, partial application or another authorized equivalency treatment.

Article 46 — Recognition of Prior Learning

Documented prior learning or professional competence may satisfy a course requirement where assessed under an authorized University procedure.

Recognition shall require identifiable evidence, academic assessment, faculty approval and permanent registration.

Article 47 — Xaraguayan Component

The University may require that a Particular Microprogram containing external courses include one or more direct Xaraguayan courses.

The constitutive decision shall determine the compulsory Indigenous, territorial, institutional or methodological component applicable to the program.

Article 48 — Documentary Provenance

Every recognized external course shall retain its factual provenance in the General Academic Register.

Recognition shall not represent externally delivered instruction as direct University instruction.

BOOK VIII — INSTRUCTION, ASSESSMENT AND QUALITY CONTROL

Article 49 — Delivery Authority

Autonomous and complementary courses may be delivered directly, rectorally, through a faculty or school, by a delegated professor, jointly with a partner institution, through a contracted specialist or through recognized external instruction.

Every delivery mode shall remain subject to the academic authority assigned by the University.

Article 50 — Instructor Competence

The competent academic authority shall verify the instructional competence required for every course.

Scientific, clinical, laboratory, engineering, pharmacological, aviation, navigational, meteorological, seismic and regulated professional content shall be assigned to qualified specialists or competent institutions.

Article 51 — Assessment Integrity

Assessment shall correspond to the approved learning outcomes and academic level of the course.

Assessment records shall identify the examiner, method, result, date and authority under which the evaluation was conducted.

Article 52 — Quality Review

The University may review:

a) the continued relevance of the course;

b) curriculum and learning outcomes;

c) instructional performance;

d) assessment reliability;

e) student completion results;

f) equivalency decisions; and

g) continued eligibility for inclusion in Particular Microprograms.

Article 53 — Suspension of Course Application

The University may suspend the use of a course in future Particular Microprograms where its curriculum, assessment, delivery or institutional status no longer satisfies University requirements.

Suspension shall not invalidate credits lawfully earned before its effective date.

BOOK IX — REGISTRATION AND DOCUMENTARY AUTHORITY

Article 54 — Course Registration

Every autonomous and complementary course shall be entered in the General Academic Register before operational delivery.

The entry shall identify the course’s legal authority, title, code, classification, faculty, SAC value, curriculum and operational status.

Article 55 — Student Academic Record

The student record shall identify:

a) every autonomous and complementary course attempted;

b) the assessment result;

c) the SAC earned;

d) the instructional origin;

e) the applicable recognition or equivalency;

f) the course’s current curricular application; and

g) any subsequent consolidation into a Particular Microprogram.

Article 56 — Particular Microprogram Register

The General Academic Register shall maintain a Particular Microprogram Register containing:

a) the official title;

b) the program code;

c) the constitutive authority;

d) the five constituent courses;

e) the responsible faculty;

f) the approved student, cohort or institutional scope;

g) the integrative requirement, where applicable;

h) the date of constitution;

i) the date of completion;

j) the Attestation conferred; and

k) its authorized cumulative application.

Article 57 — Reclassification of Course Credits

Upon constitution of a Particular Microprogram, the five constituent course entries shall be linked to the official program entry.

The original course records shall remain preserved. The consolidation decision shall establish their additional qualification effect.

Article 58 — Credential Content

An Attestation of Particular Specialization shall identify:

a) the University as conferring authority;

b) the official qualification title;

c) the responsible faculty or interdisciplinary authority;

d) the program code;

e) the total value of fifteen SAC;

f) the date of conferral; and

g) the permanent credential identifier.

The transcript or academic supplement shall identify the five constituent courses.

BOOK X — ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL AND INSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION

Article 59 — No Automatic Consolidation

Completion of five courses shall not independently create a Particular Microprogram.

No instructor, faculty, partner institution or student may represent an unapproved course combination as a University qualification.

Article 60 — Invalidity of Unauthorized Qualifications

Any purported Particular Microprogram or Attestation issued without:

a) formal curricular approval;

b) five authorized courses;

c) fifteen verified SAC;

d) competent conferral authority; and

e) permanent registration

shall be null within the Xaraguayan Indigenous Academic Order.

Article 61 — Protection of Titles and Codes

The names, titles, codes, curricula, records, Attestations and authentication devices established under this Law shall constitute protected academic instruments of the University.

Unauthorized reproduction, alteration, issuance or institutional representation is prohibited.

Article 62 — Continuing Academic Authority

The University may:

a) establish additional course classifications;

b) create thematic course banks;

c) reserve courses for specified programs;

d) determine cross-faculty equivalencies;

e) prescribe integrative requirements;

f) establish standardized Particular Microprogram combinations;

g) amend consolidation procedures; and

h) issue every administrative instrument required for execution of this Law.

BOOK XI — SUPREMACY AND EXECUTION

Article 63 — Relationship to the General Microprogram Law

This Law shall constitute the controlling special statute governing autonomous courses, complementary courses and Particular Microprograms.

The general Microprogram Law shall continue to govern every matter not specifically regulated herein.

Article 64 — Uniform Credit Rule

Every course consolidated under this Law shall possess a value of three SAC.

Every Particular Microprogram shall comprise five courses and possess a total value of fifteen SAC.

No administrative or faculty authority may alter this structure without an instrument of equal or superior juridical rank.

Article 65 — Conforming Interpretation

Every prior course authorization, faculty practice, academic agreement, student pathway and administrative representation shall be interpreted in conformity with this Law.

Any irreconcilably inconsistent internal provision is hereby displaced within the material scope of the inconsistency.

Article 66 — Self-Execution

This Law is self-executing.

The classifications, powers, procedures, credit rules, consolidation requirements and registration obligations established herein shall apply immediately upon entry into force.

Article 67 — Entry into Force

This Supreme Organic Academic Law of State shall enter into permanent force upon signature, promulgation and entry in the General Academic Register and General Archives of the State.

FINAL SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC DETERMINATION

AUTONOMOUS AND COMPLEMENTARY COURSES ARE HEREBY CONSTITUTED AS CREDIT-BEARING ACADEMIC UNITS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA.

EVERY AUTONOMOUS OR COMPLEMENTARY COURSE SHALL POSSESS AN OFFICIAL TITLE, COURSE CODE, APPROVED CURRICULUM, IDENTIFIED ACADEMIC AUTHORITY, VERIFIABLE ASSESSMENT AND A VALUE OF THREE SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS.

A STUDENT MAY COMPLETE AUTONOMOUS OR COMPLEMENTARY COURSES INDEPENDENTLY, SUBJECT TO UNIVERSITY ADMISSION, PREREQUISITE, ASSESSMENT AND REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS.

FIVE COMPATIBLE AUTONOMOUS OR COMPLEMENTARY COURSES MAY BE CONSOLIDATED INTO A PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAM FOLLOWING FORMAL DETERMINATION OF CURRICULAR COHERENCE BY THE COMPETENT UNIVERSITY AUTHORITY.

EVERY PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAM SHALL COMPRISE FIVE COURSES AND SHALL POSSESS A TOTAL VALUE OF FIFTEEN SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS.

NO COMPLETION OF FIVE COURSES SHALL AUTOMATICALLY CONSTITUTE A PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAM.

THE UNIVERSITY SHALL RETAIN EXCLUSIVE AUTHORITY TO DETERMINE COMPATIBILITY, ASSIGN THE QUALIFICATION TITLE, ISSUE THE PROGRAM CODE, REQUIRE AN INTEGRATIVE ASSESSMENT, CONFER THE ATTESTATION AND ENTER THE QUALIFICATION IN THE GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER.

THE MICROPROGRAM IN HISTORY OF XARAGUA SHALL REMAIN THE COMPULSORY FOUNDATIONAL MICROPROGRAM AND THE FIRST FIFTEEN SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS OF EVERY CUMULATIVE QUALIFICATION.

NO PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAM QUALIFICATION SHALL BE CONFERRED BEFORE COMPLETION AND PERMANENT REGISTRATION OF THE MICROPROGRAM IN HISTORY OF XARAGUA.

A PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAM MAY CONSTITUTE THE SPECIALIZED COMPONENT OF A CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION AND MAY BE INCORPORATED INTO AN AUTHORIZED BACHELOR’S DEGREE OR ADVANCED BACHELOR’S DEGREE.

DIRECT, RECTORAL, DELEGATED, JOINT AND EXTERNAL INSTRUCTION SHALL REMAIN SUBJECT TO THE SUPREME ACADEMIC AUTHORITY OF THE UNIVERSITY.

NO INSTRUCTOR, PARTNER, FACULTY, SCHOOL OR EXTERNAL INSTITUTION SHALL ACQUIRE INDEPENDENT POWER TO CONSTITUTE, ALTER OR CONFER A PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAM.

THE GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER SHALL CONSTITUTE THE AUTHORITATIVE EVIDENTIARY SOURCE OF EVERY COURSE, CREDIT, CONSOLIDATION DECISION, PARTICULAR MICROPROGRAM AND QUALIFICATION ESTABLISHED UNDER THIS LAW.

SO ENACTED.

SO PROMULGATED.

SO ORDERED TO BE EXECUTED.

SO ENTERED INTO THE PERMANENT ACADEMIC AND CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER OF XARAGUA.

ISSUED AT MIRAGOÂNE, CONSTITUTIONAL CAPITAL OF THE SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA.

PASCAL DESPUZEAU DAUMEC VIAU

RECTOR-PRESIDENT

SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

RECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

ENTERED IN THE GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER

DEPOSITED IN THE GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE

PERMANENT ACADEMIC FORCE — DIRECT APPLICATION — BINDING UNIVERSITY EXECUTION

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA

OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT

SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

FACULTY OF INDIGENOUS LAW AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

GENERAL ACADEMIC SECRETARIAT

SUPREME ACADEMIC STATUTE ON THE ORGANIZATION, DELIVERY, INTEGRATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNDAMENTAL SUBJECTS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

Institutional Classification: Supreme Academic Statute — Political Science Curriculum Act — Research Methodology Regulation — Constitutional Studies Framework — Comparative Government Standard — Public Administration Instructional Order

Academic Rank: Mandatory, controlling, directly applicable and binding upon every political science program, microprogram, autonomous course, complementary course, articulated pathway and recognized external course administered by the University of Xaragua.

Promulgating Authority: Office of the Rector-President

Academic Authority: University of Xaragua

Responsible Faculty: Faculty of Indigenous Law and Political Science

Official Depositary: General Archives of the State

ARTICLE I — PURPOSE

The University of Xaragua hereby establishes the official instructional framework governing the fundamental subjects of political science. These subjects shall be taught as an integrated science of authority, institutions, territory, law, public administration, collective decision, international action and political continuity.

Instruction shall not be limited to the recitation of authors, definitions or imported theoretical systems. Every subject shall require the student to identify institutions, examine primary sources, compare political orders, evaluate governmental capacity and apply acquired knowledge to concrete territorial and administrative questions.

The constitutional, historical, legal, economic and institutional corpus published by Xaragua shall constitute a principal body of teaching material, documentary investigation and applied political analysis.

ARTICLE II — GENERAL METHOD OF INSTRUCTION

Each subject shall combine, according to its nature:

a) directed study of primary texts;

b) analysis of laws, constitutions, treaties, archives and public records;

c) examination of the Xaraguayan institutional corpus;

d) comparative study of political systems;

e) territorial and historical case studies;

f) quantitative or qualitative investigation;

g) preparation of official memoranda, policy papers and institutional reports;

h) oral defence of findings;

i) practical design of laws, institutions, programs or administrative mechanisms;

j) final demonstration of independent analytical competence.

The student shall not receive academic credit for mere reproduction of course content. Credit shall depend upon the demonstrated capacity to classify political facts, support conclusions with evidence, distinguish doctrine from observation and produce an organized institutional analysis.

ARTICLE III — QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY

Qualitative methodology shall be taught through documentary analysis, archival investigation, structured and semi-structured interviews, oral history, institutional observation, comparative case studies, legal interpretation and examination of political discourse.

Students shall learn to formulate research questions, select participants and documents, establish interview protocols, classify testimony, identify recurring themes, compare conflicting accounts and produce findings traceable to their sources.

The Xaraguayan corpus shall provide cases concerning ancestral territories, autonomous communities, public institutions, political memory, administrative failure, maritime authority, education, infrastructure and relations with the Residual Administrative Unit.

Assessment shall include a research protocol, a documented case study, a source-classification register and a final qualitative report.

ARTICLE IV — QUANTITATIVE METHODOLOGY AND POLITICAL STATISTICS

Quantitative methodology shall be taught as an instrument of governmental measurement and public decision. Instruction shall include descriptive statistics, percentages, distributions, sampling, indicators, correlations, elementary regression, demographic analysis, electoral data, budgetary data and territorial comparison.

Students shall construct and interpret tables, graphs, indexes and datasets relating to population, public finance, elections, education, infrastructure, migration, agriculture, maritime activity and institutional capacity.

The Xaragua Statistics Institute and other authorized repositories may provide or validate data used in instruction. Where data are incomplete, students shall be trained to identify absence, uncertainty, bias and administrative undercounting as politically significant conditions.

Assessment shall include a statistical memorandum, a territorial dataset, an interpretation exercise and a final evidence-based governmental report.

ARTICLE V — EPISTEMOLOGY AND RESEARCH DESIGN

Epistemology shall determine how political knowledge is produced, justified, classified and received. Students shall examine the distinction between fact, interpretation, doctrine, presumption, testimony, official classification and institutional determination.

Instruction shall address positivist, interpretive, comparative, critical, Indigenous and decolonial approaches. Particular attention shall be given to the authority exercised through naming, classification, mapping, archival selection and the imposition of supposedly universal political categories.

Research design shall teach the student to establish a question, define concepts, formulate hypotheses, identify units of analysis, select cases, determine evidence, choose methods, establish limits and organize conclusions.

The public corpus of Xaragua shall operate as a permanent laboratory through which students identify research questions, reconstruct the method underlying published acts and design independent investigations capable of confirming, refining or extending institutional knowledge.

ARTICLE VI — COMPARATIVE POLITICS

Comparative politics shall examine states, Indigenous orders, autonomous communities, federations, confederations, monarchies, republics, unitary systems, parliamentary regimes, presidential regimes, military governments and mixed constitutional structures.

Comparison shall be organized by defined variables, including territorial control, legitimacy, public revenue, administrative continuity, judicial capacity, political participation, security, social delivery and external dependence.

Students shall compare Caribbean, African, American, European, Asian and Indigenous systems without presuming that a single civilizational model constitutes the universal standard of political validity.

Assessment shall require comparative matrices, constitutional profiles and a final study explaining why institutions operating under similar formal rules may produce different results.

ARTICLE VII — INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

International relations shall be taught through the study of power, diplomacy, international law, war, alliances, recognition, international organizations, external representation, trade, migration, maritime jurisdiction and the protection of peoples.

Instruction shall integrate realism, liberal institutionalism, constructivism, dependency theory, critical approaches, Indigenous diplomacy and the international law of self-determination.

Students shall examine diplomatic correspondence, treaties, resolutions, jurisdictional claims, sanctions, peace operations and relations between internationally recognized states and non-Westphalian political orders.

Practical assignments shall include a diplomatic memorandum, note verbale, territorial brief, treaty analysis, international participation strategy and crisis-response exercise.

ARTICLE VIII — PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Public administration shall be taught as the organized execution of lawful authority. Instruction shall cover ministerial structures, delegation, public offices, budgeting, records, procurement, inspection, territorial services, administrative continuity and accountability.

Students shall distinguish constitutional authority, political direction, regulatory power and technical implementation. They shall study the division of functions between Xaraguayan institutions, autonomous communities, contracted entities and the Residual Administrative Unit.

Assessment shall include the construction of an organigram, administrative procedure, implementation directive, reporting mechanism and institutional continuity plan.

ARTICLE IX — PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSIS

Public policy analysis shall teach students to identify public problems, determine affected populations, evaluate evidence, compare policy instruments, estimate costs, define implementation responsibilities and measure results.

The policy cycle shall include agenda formation, formulation, authorization, execution, monitoring, evaluation, amendment and termination.

Students shall apply this method to energy, transportation, education, maritime economy, agriculture, food reserves, environmental protection, cultural administration, literacy, territorial development and community services.

Each student shall prepare a complete policy dossier containing a diagnosis, legal basis, responsible authorities, implementation schedule, performance indicators and evaluation framework.

ARTICLE X — POLITICAL ECONOMY

Political economy shall examine the relationship between authority, production, land, labour, finance, taxation, credit, trade, infrastructure and distribution.

Instruction shall include classical political economy, capitalism, socialism, social economy, dependency, development, extractive systems, informal markets and Indigenous economic organization.

Xaraguayan economic doctrine shall serve as an applied field of study through its policies on decentralized energy, maritime production, artisanal industry, mountain agriculture, food security, territorial revenue and community commercial priority.

Assessment shall require sectoral analysis, institutional cost evaluation, economic sovereignty study and preparation of a territorial development instrument.

ARTICLE XI — CONSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Constitutional institutions shall be taught through direct examination of constitutions, organic laws, jurisdictional instruments, systems of office, legislative structures, courts, executive authority and territorial administration.

Students shall analyze constituent authority, hierarchy of norms, separation and coordination of powers, emergency authority, succession, amendment, judicial review and relations between political orders.

The constitutional corpus of Xaragua shall constitute a primary applied source. Students shall be required to identify the competence, legal basis, limits and institutional relationship of each organ studied.

Assessment shall include constitutional commentary, jurisdictional classification, institutional map and drafting of an organic act.

ARTICLE XII — ELECTORAL BEHAVIOUR, POLITICAL PARTIES AND ELECTORAL SYSTEMS

Instruction shall cover suffrage, representation, political parties, campaigning, political finance, electoral geography, public opinion, voter participation, clientelism, proportional representation, plurality systems, presidential elections and parliamentary elections.

Students shall analyze how electoral rules distribute power and how social class, territory, identity, media, patronage and institutional confidence influence political behaviour.

The course shall distinguish formal electoral competition from effective political representation and shall examine systems operating under institutional weakness, armed coercion, administrative capture or territorial discontinuity.

Assessment shall include electoral-system design, constituency analysis, voting-data interpretation and institutional integrity report.

ARTICLE XIII — REGIONAL POLITICAL SYSTEMS

Caribbean, Latin American, African, European and North American politics shall be taught through separate regional modules integrated by common comparative standards.

Each module shall examine constitutional history, territorial formation, colonial inheritance, political parties, civil-military relations, economic structures, regional organizations, external intervention and contemporary governmental capacity.

Caribbean instruction shall receive primary territorial importance and shall include Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Jamaica, the Lesser Antilles, the Guianas and regional institutions.

Students shall produce regional political profiles and a final comparative assessment linking local institutions to broader hemispheric and international systems.

ARTICLE XIV — ROMAN, MEDIEVAL, MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL THOUGHT

Political thought shall be taught chronologically and comparatively from Greek foundations through Roman public law, medieval political theology, modern theories of sovereignty and contemporary theories of state, justice, power and decolonization.

Authors shall be studied through their principal texts and exact institutional contributions. No author shall be taught merely for biographical recognition or intellectual prestige.

Students shall identify the historical conditions under which each doctrine emerged, the political institutions it justified or opposed, and its limits when applied outside its original civilization.

The Greek canon, Catholic intellectual tradition, Indigenous political thought, African political systems and Caribbean historical experience shall be maintained as distinct but comparable bodies of authority.

ARTICLE XV — COLONIALISM, INDIGENOUS LAW AND DECOLONIZATION

This field shall examine conquest, enslavement, dispossession, racial classification, imposed jurisdiction, cultural destruction, extraction, assimilation and resistance.

Instruction shall include Indigenous legal orders, ancestral title, self-determination, autonomy, customary authority, restitution, territorial protection and international Indigenous rights.

The historical and constitutional corpus of Xaragua shall constitute a principal case of applied study. Students shall analyze how documentary research, law, territorial memory and institutional construction may restore the legal visibility of a people obscured by colonial and republican classifications.

Assessment shall include an archival dossier, legal memorandum, territorial history and institutional decolonization plan.

ARTICLE XVI — DIRECTED STUDY, TERMINAL SEMINAR AND FINAL RESEARCH WORK

Every advanced political science pathway shall conclude with a directed study, terminal seminar, institutional project or research dissertation.

The student shall select a defined political problem and demonstrate competence in research design, source evaluation, theoretical analysis, comparison, evidence, legal classification and formal presentation.

Permissible final works include:

a) dissertation;

b) constitutional act;

c) public policy dossier;

d) comparative institutional study;

e) territorial governance plan;

f) diplomatic strategy;

g) administrative code;

h) documented historical-constitutional report.

No final work shall be approved unless it contains a clear question, an identified method, verifiable sources, organized findings and an independent institutional contribution.

ARTICLE XVII — MODES OF ACADEMIC DELIVERY

Instruction may be delivered:

a) directly by the University of Xaragua;

b) jointly by two or more faculties or schools;

c) externally under academic agreement;

d) by contracted specialists;

e) through recognized coursework completed at another institution;

f) through articulated instruction combining autonomous courses, supervised research and institutional practice.

Quantitative statistics, specialized software, advanced economics and other technical components may be delivered by qualified external or contracted instructors while remaining subject to the academic requirements of Xaragua.

ARTICLE XVIII — USE OF THE XARAGUAYAN PUBLIC CORPUS

The website and public archives of Xaragua shall constitute an official instructional environment. Their laws, historical dossiers, policies, institutional classifications, territorial instruments and academic programs may be assigned as primary sources.

Students shall not merely summarize those materials. They shall reconstruct their evidence, identify their concepts, compare their provisions, test their institutional coherence and produce applications arising from them.

The corpus shall therefore serve simultaneously as:

a) a library of primary institutional texts;

b) a laboratory of political concepts;

c) a collection of comparative cases;

d) a record of constitutional development;

e) a foundation for independent student research;

f) an instrument of public and territorial education.

ARTICLE XIX — ASSESSMENT AND ACADEMIC COMPETENCE

Assessment may include examinations, oral defences, research papers, datasets, policy memoranda, legal drafting, institutional simulations, territorial studies and supervised fieldwork.

Grades shall measure:

a) conceptual accuracy;

b) command of sources;

c) methodological discipline;

d) comparative capacity;

e) institutional reasoning;

f) quality of evidence;

g) clarity of drafting;

h) capacity for independent judgment;

i) practical applicability;

j) respect for academic integrity.

No student shall complete the political science program solely through passive attendance or memorization.

ARTICLE XX — FINAL DETERMINATION

The political science curriculum of the University of Xaragua shall form analysts, researchers, public officials, institutional designers and territorial leaders capable of understanding power and converting knowledge into organized public capacity.

The program shall unite theory and practice, history and administration, evidence and authority, comparative knowledge and Indigenous constitutional thought.

Political science shall therefore be taught not as the passive description of governments created elsewhere, but as the disciplined science through which a people studies authority, protects its territory, evaluates institutions and constructs the permanent instruments of its own public order.

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC AUTHORITY
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE
SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC ACT OF STATE
ON THE CONSTITUTION, CLASSIFICATION, REGISTRATION AND PERMANENT ACADEMIC AUTHORITY OF THE INDIGENOUS AND TERRITORIAL MICROPROGRAMMES IN EDUCATION; ANTHROPOLOGY, ETHNOGRAPHY AND LINGUISTICS; COMMUNICATIONS AND INSTITUTIONAL RELATIONS; CRIMINOLOGY AND INTERNAL SECURITY; SOCIOLOGY; SOCIAL SERVICE; ARCHIVAL SCIENCE; PUBLIC, GLOBAL AND COMMUNITY HEALTH; PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOEDUCATION; JOURNALISM; GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY; ACTUARIAL AND PUBLIC-RISK STUDIES; AND PUBLIC, COMMUNITY AND INSTITUTIONAL ADMINISTRATION
Official Classification: Supreme Organic Academic Act of State — Indigenous Higher-Education Constitution — Territorial Professional Formation Instrument — General Microprogramme Establishment Regulation — Public and Community Capacity Act — Academic Sovereignty and Institutional Knowledge Statute
Constituent Authority: Indigenous People of Xaragua
Promulgating Authority: Office of the Rector-President
Supreme Constitutional and Academic Authority: Rector-President of Xaragua
Supreme Academic Institution: University of Xaragua
Competent Academic Authorities: The Faculties, Schools, Academic Councils and duly constituted instructional organs of the University of Xaragua
Academic Registration Authority: General Academic Register
Permanent Depositary: General Archives of the State
Normative Rank: Supreme, Organic, Constitutive, Permanent, Academically Binding, Institutionally Controlling and Directly Applicable throughout the higher-education, professional-formation, territorial-service and public-knowledge order of Xaragua
SOLEMN ACADEMIC PREAMBLE
IN THE NAME OF GOD, source of wisdom, truth, legitimate authority, human dignity, intellectual discipline and the moral destination of knowledge;
BY THE ORIGINAL, INHERENT, INALIENABLE AND PERMANENT CONSTITUENT AUTHORITY OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF XARAGUA, from whom proceed the academic sovereignty, educational jurisdiction, institutional personality and territorial mission of the University of Xaragua;
BY THE SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC COMPETENCE OF THE OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT, as the permanent authority charged with the promulgation, coordination and preservation of the constitutional, academic and professional order of the State;
THROUGH THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA, as the supreme Indigenous institution of higher learning entrusted with the production, classification, transmission and territorial application of knowledge necessary to the continuity of the people, the government of the territory and the development of the institutions of the State;
ACTING PURSUANT TO ARTICLES 3, 4, 5, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 23, 24, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 38 AND 39 OF THE UNITED NATIONS DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, concerning self-determination, autonomous institutions, education, language, media, decision-making, health, development, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, juridical systems and institutional capacity;
ACTING IN CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, particularly its recognition of Indigenous juridical personality, education, languages, communications, health, cultural identity, self-government, collective knowledge, territorial development and autonomous institutional organization;
APPLYING, ACCORDING TO SUBJECT MATTER AND LAWFUL RECEPTION WITHIN THE XARAGUAYAN ORDER, Articles 1, 12, 13 and 15 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; Articles 1, 19, 25, 26 and 27 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; the Convention on the Rights of the Child; the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage; the UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Preservation of, and Access to, Documentary Heritage, including in Digital Form; and the relevant principles of International Labour Organization Convention No. 169;
AFFIRMING AS A PERMANENT DOCTRINE OF ACADEMIC STATECRAFT that Indigenous education does not consist in appending cultural references to externally constituted disciplines, but in determining the epistemic foundation, territorial purpose, institutional orientation and public destination of knowledge from within the historical, juridical, spiritual and political order of the people;
DECLARING that each microprogramme constituted under this Act shall serve the government of the territory, the competent administration of communities, the formation of public and professional personnel, the preservation of collective knowledge and the construction of autonomous institutional capacity;
THE SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA HEREBY CONSTITUTES, ENACTS AND PROMULGATES THE FOLLOWING MICROPROGRAMMES.
TITLE I
GENERAL ACADEMIC CONSTITUTION
Article 1 — Academic Architecture
Each microprogramme established by this Act constitutes an integrated programme of five courses possessing a cumulative statutory value of fifteen Sovereign Academic Credits, hereinafter designated 15 SAC, with each constituent course carrying three SAC.
The five-course structure shall constitute one indivisible academic unit organized around disciplinary foundations, Indigenous epistemology, territorial application, institutional practice and public-service capacity.
Article 2 — Indigenous and Territorial Foundation
Every microprogramme shall be taught from the constitutional, historical, territorial, customary and institutional perspective of Xaragua.
Indigenous knowledge shall constitute a governing intellectual foundation of instruction and not a supplementary cultural module subordinated to an externally established disciplinary canon.
Article 3 — Corpus-Based Instruction
The programmes may be instructed through the constitutional acts, codes, regulations, territorial policies, historical dossiers, institutional doctrines, archival instruments, academic registers, community classifications and juridical materials constituting the corpus of Xaragua.
Comparative, regional and international materials may be received where they clarify, complement or strengthen the Indigenous and territorial purposes of the programme.
Article 4 — Academic Purpose
The microprogrammes shall form persons capable of serving Indigenous institutions, autonomous communities, territorial administrations, public authorities, professional organizations, universities, archives, communications bodies, social institutions, enterprises and international partnerships.
Academic formation shall be directed toward institutional competence, territorial continuity, intellectual sovereignty and responsible public service.
TITLE II
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS EDUCATION
Article 5 — Constitutional Purpose
The Microprogramme in Indigenous Education is constituted pursuant to UNDRIP Articles 13, 14 and 15 and the corresponding educational and linguistic guarantees of the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
It shall prepare educators and institutional officers to conceive, administer and evaluate educational systems grounded in Indigenous history, languages, territorial knowledge, community authority and culturally coherent methods of teaching and learning.
Course IE-101 — Indigenous Educational Sovereignty and Constitutional Authority
This course examines education as an attribute of self-determination, autonomous institutional government and intergenerational continuity. It studies the constitutional authority of Indigenous peoples to establish, direct and evaluate their educational institutions, determine curricular priorities and protect their pedagogical independence.
Course IE-102 — Indigenous Epistemologies, Knowledge Systems and Pedagogy
This course studies oral transmission, collective memory, land-based knowledge, customary instruction, spiritual formation, apprenticeship, observation and intergenerational pedagogy as coherent systems of knowledge. It establishes methods for converting these epistemologies into academically rigorous curricula without extinguishing their communal character.
Course IE-103 — Curriculum Government and Territorial Instruction
This course governs the design of curricula aligned with territorial realities, community needs, Indigenous history, environmental knowledge and institutional priorities. Students shall learn to formulate course objectives, instructional sequences, documentary corpora, case studies and territorial learning activities.
Course IE-104 — Indigenous Language, Culture and Educational Communication
This course examines the juridical and pedagogical functions of Indigenous languages, culturally coherent educational materials, translation, terminology development and multilingual instruction. Particular attention shall be given to the constitutional protection of linguistic continuity under UNDRIP Articles 13 and 14 and ICCPR Article 27.
Course IE-105 — Administration, Evaluation and Quality Assurance of Indigenous Education
This course establishes the institutional mechanisms governing admissions, academic records, faculty authority, student evaluation, credential integrity, delegated instruction and community accountability. Educational quality shall be assessed according to academic coherence, territorial relevance and service to the permanent institutions of the people.
TITLE III
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS ANTHROPOLOGY, ETHNOGRAPHY AND LINGUISTICS
Article 6 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme is constituted under UNDRIP Articles 11, 12, 13, 15 and 31 and shall govern the disciplined study, documentation and protection of Indigenous societies, languages, institutions, customary practices, historical memory and systems of meaning.
Anthropological and ethnographic inquiry shall be conducted under principles of community authority, documentary integrity, cultural dignity, informed participation and protection against extractive appropriation.
Course AEL-101 — Indigenous Anthropology and Civilizational Systems
This course examines kinship, authority, religion, economy, customary law, territorial organization and collective identity as constituent elements of Indigenous civilization. It rejects the treatment of Indigenous peoples as residual populations and studies them as authors of complete social and political orders.
Course AEL-102 — Ethnographic Method, Community Authority and Research Ethics
This course establishes the methods governing observation, interviews, oral histories, community participation, field records and ethnographic interpretation. Research authority, consent, custody of information and restitution of knowledge shall be studied as juridical and institutional obligations.
Course AEL-103 — Indigenous Linguistics, Language Structure and Revitalization
This course examines phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, sociolinguistics, language contact and processes of language displacement. Students shall study language documentation, terminology creation, educational transmission and revitalization as exercises of cultural continuity under UNDRIP Article 13.
Course AEL-104 — Ethnohistory, Oral Tradition and Collective Memory
This course integrates archival evidence, oral history, place names, genealogies, customary narratives and material culture in the reconstruction of collective history. Particular attention shall be given to the authority of communities over the interpretation and transmission of their own historical memory.
Course AEL-105 — Cultural Patrimony, Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Sovereignty
This course studies the protection of ceremonies, artistic expressions, medicinal knowledge, ecological knowledge, symbols, archives and cultural property under UNDRIP Articles 11 and 31. It establishes institutional responses to unauthorized appropriation, commercial exploitation, falsification and external reclassification.
TITLE IV
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS COMMUNICATIONS, PUBLIC RELATIONS, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, HUMAN RESOURCES AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS
Article 7 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme is constituted under UNDRIP Articles 16, 18, 19, 20 and 32 and shall form officers capable of administering public information, institutional reputation, labour relations, personnel systems and relations between communities, enterprises and public authorities.
Communication shall be treated as a sovereign institutional function through which the State explains its acts, preserves public confidence, coordinates its personnel and maintains lawful relations with the people.
Course CPR-101 — State Communication and Indigenous Public Information
This course examines official communication, public notices, institutional statements, crisis communication, constitutional messaging and the documentary responsibilities of public authorities. Students shall learn to communicate State action with accuracy, coherence, authority and respect for Indigenous identity.
Course CPR-102 — Public Relations, Institutional Representation and Strategic Reputation
This course studies institutional representation, stakeholder relations, diplomatic communication, public ceremonies, media relations and strategic reputation. Public relations shall be administered as the disciplined representation of institutional personality rather than as commercial promotion.
Course CPR-103 — Industrial Relations and Territorial Labour Governance
This course examines employment relations, collective representation, workplace regulation, occupational conflict, negotiation and institutional grievance systems. Labour governance shall be situated within territorial development, collective rights, social economy and the productive order of Xaragua.
Course CPR-104 — Human Resources and Public Personnel Administration
This course establishes principles governing recruitment, classification, appointment, evaluation, discipline, professional development, succession and institutional loyalty. Personnel administration shall serve competence, continuity, documentary accountability and the lawful functioning of public institutions.
Course CPR-105 — Community Relations, Consultation and Social Licence
This course studies consultation, community participation, institutional dialogue, conflict prevention and relations among communities, enterprises, public authorities and territorial institutions. UNDRIP Articles 18, 19 and 32 shall provide the principal framework for participation and consultation in decisions affecting communities and resources.
TITLE V
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS CRIMINOLOGY, INTERNAL SECURITY, POLICE STUDIES, VICTIMOLOGY AND RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Article 8 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme is constituted under UNDRIP Articles 5, 34, 35 and 40 and the principles of effective remedy, procedural dignity and equality before the law reflected in ICCPR Articles 2, 14 and 26.
It shall prepare analysts, policy officers and institutional personnel to understand crime, public security, victimization, customary justice, policing and restorative responses within Indigenous and territorial conditions.
Course CSP-101 — Indigenous Criminology and Territorial Causation of Crime
This course studies crime through the interaction of dispossession, social fragmentation, poverty, illicit markets, institutional weakness, territorial exclusion and historical violence. Criminological analysis shall integrate Indigenous social organization and the material conditions of the territory.
Course CSP-102 — Internal Security and Indigenous Police Institutions
This course examines the constitutional organization, public mission, territorial deployment and accountability of police and internal-security institutions. Instruction shall address community policing, intelligence, prevention, emergency coordination, lawful authority and relations between customary and statutory institutions.
Course CSP-103 — Transnational Crime, Maritime Security and Illicit Economies
This course studies narcotics trafficking, arms trafficking, human trafficking, smuggling, money laundering, corruption, cybercrime, illegal extraction and maritime criminality. Students shall examine the institutional coordination required among police, communities, ports, financial authorities and juridical services.
Course CSP-104 — Indigenous Victimology and Institutional Protection
This course examines victimization, trauma, access to justice, evidentiary vulnerability, community impact and institutional assistance. Particular attention shall be given to women, children, elders, displaced persons, victims of trafficking and communities affected by collective or environmental harm.
Course CSP-105 — Restorative Justice, Customary Procedure and Social Reintegration
This course studies mediation, restitution, community accountability, reconciliation, reparation, rehabilitation and reintegration. Restorative justice shall be examined in relation to UNDRIP Articles 34 and 40 and the authority of Indigenous peoples to maintain juridical systems consistent with fundamental rights.
TITLE VI
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS SOCIOLOGY
Article 9 — Constitutional Purpose
The Microprogramme in Indigenous Sociology shall examine social structure from within the historical, territorial and institutional experience of Indigenous peoples.
It shall apply UNDRIP Articles 5, 20, 21, 22 and 23 to the study of community organization, inequality, social change, institutions, collective identity and territorial development.
Course SOC-101 — Indigenous Social Structure and Community Organization
This course studies family, kinship, community authority, reciprocal obligation, customary association, religious life and territorial belonging as constitutive structures of Indigenous society.
Course SOC-102 — Coloniality, Social Stratification and Institutional Displacement
This course examines the production of racial, economic, cultural and administrative hierarchies through colonial and post-colonial systems. Students shall analyze how institutional displacement affects social mobility, identity and collective authority.
Course SOC-103 — Sociology of Territory, Migration and Diaspora
This course studies rural and urban settlement, internal migration, emigration, diaspora formation, return, remittances and transnational community organization. Territory shall be examined as a social institution and not merely a physical surface.
Course SOC-104 — Sociology of Institutions, Professions and Public Authority
This course analyzes the social organization of the State, University, Church, professional orders, communities, enterprises and civil institutions. Students shall examine how legitimacy, authority, expertise and institutional continuity are socially produced.
Course SOC-105 — Social Research, Indigenous Data and Public Policy
This course provides methods for surveys, interviews, demographic interpretation, institutional analysis and community-based research. Data collection shall comply with Indigenous participation, collective privacy, community authority and the requirements of territorially relevant public policy.
TITLE VII
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS SOCIAL SERVICE
Article 10 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme is constituted pursuant to UNDRIP Articles 21, 22, 23 and 24 and ICESCR Articles 9, 11 and 12.
It shall prepare territorial social-service personnel to protect dignity, strengthen families, coordinate community resources and administer culturally coherent systems of assistance.
Course SSW-101 — Indigenous Foundations of Social Service
This course examines collective responsibility, kinship support, mutual aid, customary care, spiritual resources and community solidarity as foundations of social intervention.
Course SSW-102 — Family, Childhood, Elders and Community Protection
This course studies family support, child protection, elder care, disability, bereavement, domestic vulnerability and intergenerational responsibility. Intervention shall preserve family dignity, cultural continuity and the superior protection of vulnerable persons.
Course SSW-103 — Poverty, Housing, Food Security and Social Administration
This course examines the territorial administration of poverty reduction, housing assistance, food programs, emergency relief and access to essential services. Social policy shall be connected to employment, community economy, public health and local productive capacity.
Course SSW-104 — Trauma, Displacement, Disaster and Community Recovery
This course studies psychosocial consequences of violence, migration, disaster, dispossession and collective loss. Students shall develop culturally grounded mechanisms of crisis intervention, referral, community recovery and institutional coordination.
Course SSW-105 — Social Case Administration and Territorial Service Networks
This course establishes procedures for assessment, case records, confidentiality, referral, interprofessional coordination, community participation and service evaluation. Social documentation shall serve continuity of care without extinguishing personal dignity or collective rights.
TITLE VIII
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS ARCHIVAL SCIENCE
Article 11 — Constitutional Purpose
The Microprogramme in Indigenous Archival Science is constituted under UNDRIP Articles 11, 13 and 31 and the UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Preservation of, and Access to, Documentary Heritage, including in Digital Form.
It shall form custodians of constitutional memory, public records, oral history, cultural patrimony and digital continuity.
Course ARC-101 — Indigenous Archives, Sovereignty and Constitutional Memory
This course examines archives as institutions of evidence, authority, identity and continuity. Students shall study the relationship between documentary custody, collective memory, constitutional legitimacy and the permanent juridical personality of the State.
Course ARC-102 — Records Management and Public Documentary Authority
This course governs classification, registration, retention, transfer, authentication, access and lawful disposition of public records. Particular attention shall be given to constitutional acts, laws, regulations, administrative decisions, academic records and territorial instruments.
Course ARC-103 — Oral Archives, Community Memory and Ethnohistorical Documentation
This course establishes methods for recording, describing, preserving and transmitting oral histories, genealogies, testimonies, songs, place names and community narratives under conditions respecting collective authority and cultural integrity.
Course ARC-104 — Digital Preservation, Metadata and Institutional Continuity
This course examines digital repositories, metadata, file integrity, migration, redundancy, cybersecurity, access controls and disaster recovery. Digital preservation shall be treated as a permanent obligation of the constitutional and academic order.
Course ARC-105 — Archival Law, Access, Privacy and Cultural Patrimony
This course studies access rights, confidentiality, personal information, restricted cultural records, intellectual property, documentary restitution and protection against unauthorized removal or commercial appropriation.
TITLE IX
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS PUBLIC, GLOBAL AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
Article 12 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme is constituted under UNDRIP Article 24, ICESCR Article 12 and the corresponding health provisions of the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
It shall form public-health analysts and community-health officers capable of coordinating prevention, surveillance, education, environmental health and territorial health policy.
Course HSC-101 — Indigenous Health Systems and Social Determinants of Health
This course examines health through territory, culture, nutrition, housing, income, water, environment, family and community organization. Indigenous healing knowledge shall be studied with institutional respect and appropriate safeguards.
Course HSC-102 — Community Health, Prevention and Primary Public Action
This course studies community assessment, health promotion, maternal and child health, chronic-disease prevention, vaccination policy, nutrition, sanitation and local health education.
Course HSC-103 — Global Health, Mobility and Transboundary Risk
This course examines epidemics, migration, maritime circulation, climate-related disease, humanitarian emergencies, international cooperation and the movement of health risks across jurisdictions.
Course HSC-104 — Epidemiology, Population Health and Health Intelligence
This course introduces disease distribution, population indicators, surveillance, outbreak investigation, health registries and the responsible interpretation of community health data.
Course HSC-105 — Environmental Health, Disaster Medicine Policy and Territorial Resilience
This course studies water safety, waste, pollution, occupational exposure, vector control, cyclones, earthquakes, displacement and continuity of health services during emergencies.
TITLE X
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOEDUCATION
Article 13 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme shall examine psychological development, behaviour, identity, trauma, resilience and education within Indigenous family, community, spiritual and territorial contexts.
Its institutional foundation proceeds from UNDRIP Articles 21, 22, 23 and 24, the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the general protection of cultural identity under ICCPR Article 27.
Course PSY-101 — Indigenous Psychology, Personhood and Collective Identity
This course examines conceptions of the person, relational identity, belonging, spirituality, family, ancestry and territory. Psychological interpretation shall account for collective and cultural dimensions of human experience.
Course PSY-102 — Development, Family and Indigenous Childhood
This course studies cognitive, emotional and social development within family, school and community environments. Particular attention shall be given to attachment, intergenerational transmission, cultural identity and child protection.
Course PSY-103 — Trauma, Historical Violence and Community Resilience
This course examines individual, family and collective trauma arising from violence, displacement, disaster, discrimination and historical dispossession. It studies protective factors, cultural continuity and community-based recovery.
Course PSY-104 — Indigenous Psychoeducation and Behavioural Support
This course establishes educational and behavioural strategies for children, adolescents, families and institutions. Psychoeducational intervention shall be adapted to language, culture, family authority and territorial realities.
Course PSY-105 — Mental-Health Policy, Referral and Community Prevention
This course studies prevention, mental-health literacy, crisis recognition, referral systems, professional boundaries and coordination among schools, families, health services and community institutions.
TITLE XI
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS JOURNALISM
Article 14 — Constitutional Purpose
The Microprogramme in Indigenous Journalism is constituted under UNDRIP Article 16, ICCPR Article 19 and the corresponding communication guarantees of the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
It shall form journalists capable of serving public knowledge, community voice, documentary truth, territorial accountability and Indigenous media sovereignty.
Course JRN-101 — Indigenous Journalism and Media Sovereignty
This course examines journalism as an institution of self-representation, public information and democratic accountability. Students shall study the authority of Indigenous peoples to establish and control their own media.
Course JRN-102 — Reporting, Verification and Documentary Evidence
This course establishes standards governing investigation, source evaluation, interviewing, fact verification, documentary corroboration and correction. Public credibility shall be treated as an institutional asset requiring disciplined evidentiary practice.
Course JRN-103 — State, Community and Territorial Reporting
This course develops reporting competence concerning legislation, public administration, autonomous communities, municipal affairs, land, resources, agriculture, fisheries, environment and territorial infrastructure.
Course JRN-104 — Conflict, Crime, Disaster and Public-Safety Journalism
This course studies responsible reporting on crime, courts, trafficking, public disorder, cyclones, earthquakes, displacement and humanitarian emergencies. Instruction shall address verification, victim dignity, operational security and prevention of institutional misinformation.
Course JRN-105 — Digital Journalism, Broadcasting and Indigenous Language Media
This course examines digital publication, radio, video, photography, social platforms, audience development, archives and Indigenous-language production. Students shall develop media capable of serving communities inside the territory and throughout the diaspora.
TITLE XII
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY
Article 15 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme is constituted under UNDRIP Articles 25, 26, 29, 31 and 32 and shall provide the geographic and demographic intelligence required for territorial government.
It shall study land, relief, population, settlement, mobility, resources, maritime space and environmental change as integrated subjects of constitutional administration.
Course GEO-101 — Physical Geography and Territorial Systems of Xaragua
This course studies mountains, valleys, plains, watersheds, soils, climate, coastlines, islands and marine environments as interconnected components of the national domain.
Course GEO-102 — Human Geography, Settlement and Territorial Organization
This course examines cities, communes, mountain communities, coastal settlements, islands, transportation corridors and regional identities. Settlement shall be analyzed in relation to public services, economic functions and territorial authority.
Course GEO-103 — Indigenous Cartography, Geographic Information and Territorial Evidence
This course studies mapping, geographic information systems, place names, customary boundaries, land-use classification and cartographic evidence. Maps shall be treated as juridical, administrative and strategic instruments of State.
Course GEO-104 — Demography, Migration and Population Registers
This course examines fertility, mortality, age structure, households, mobility, diaspora, population projection and civil registration. Demographic knowledge shall support education, health, housing, labour and public-service planning.
Course GEO-105 — Maritime Geography, Insular Systems and Regional Geopolitics
This course studies maritime zones, islands, ports, navigational approaches, fisheries, coastal settlements and Xaragua’s position within the Greater Caribbean, Atlantic and continental Caribbean systems.
TITLE XIII
MICROPROGRAMME IN ACTUARIAL AND PUBLIC-RISK STUDIES
Article 16 — Constitutional Purpose
The Microprogramme in Actuarial and Public-Risk Studies shall establish foundational competence in quantitative risk, demographic projection, social protection, insurance, disaster exposure and long-term public obligations.
Its instruction shall serve the prudent administration of collective resources, public finance, social institutions and territorial risk.
Course ACT-101 — Foundations of Probability, Uncertainty and Public Risk
This course introduces probability, random events, distributions, expected values and uncertainty as instruments for evaluating institutional and territorial exposure.
Course ACT-102 — Demographic Mathematics and Population Projection
This course examines mortality, fertility, survival, life tables, migration and population projection for use in social planning, pensions, insurance and public services.
Course ACT-103 — Insurance, Mutual Protection and Community Risk Pools
This course studies insurance principles, premiums, reserves, claims, mutual-aid systems, agricultural risk, fisheries risk, health protection and community-based mechanisms of collective security.
Course ACT-104 — Catastrophe Risk, Climate Exposure and Territorial Loss
This course examines cyclones, earthquakes, floods, droughts, landslides, maritime accidents and infrastructure failure through frequency, severity, exposure and resilience analysis.
Course ACT-105 — Public Liabilities, Social Protection and Long-Term Financial Sustainability
This course studies pensions, social benefits, public guarantees, institutional reserves, intergenerational obligations and the financial sustainability of long-term State commitments.
TITLE XIV
MICROPROGRAMME IN INDIGENOUS PUBLIC, COMMUNITY AND INSTITUTIONAL ADMINISTRATION
Article 17 — Constitutional Purpose
This microprogramme is constituted under UNDRIP Articles 4, 5, 18, 20, 23, 34 and 39 and shall form officers capable of administering public institutions, autonomous communities, territorial services and collective development.
Administration shall be taught as the lawful conversion of constitutional authority into continuous, documented and accountable public action.
Course ADM-101 — Indigenous Public Administration and Constitutional Government
This course examines administrative authority, institutional competence, delegation, public offices, ministries, autonomous communities and the constitutional foundations of executive action.
Course ADM-102 — Administrative Procedure, Records and Public Decisions
This course governs applications, investigations, consultations, evidence, decisions, licences, permits, sanctions, appeals and administrative records. Every public decision shall be founded upon competence, procedure, reasons and documentary traceability.
Course ADM-103 — Community, Municipal and Territorial Administration
This course studies local charters, communal services, land administration, public works, markets, sanitation, environmental duties, emergency operations and relations between territorial authorities and central institutions.
Course ADM-104 — Public Finance, Procurement and Institutional Resources
This course examines budgets, revenues, expenditures, procurement, contracts, assets, inventories, internal controls and public accountability. Financial administration shall preserve legality, efficiency, documentary integrity and the permanent interests of the State.
Course ADM-105 — Strategic Planning, Policy Implementation and Institutional Continuity
This course studies policy design, implementation plans, performance indicators, risk registers, interinstitutional coordination, succession, continuity of operations and long-term State capacity.
TITLE XV
ACADEMIC INTEGRATION, REGISTRATION AND STATE SERVICE
Article 18 — Interdisciplinary Coordination
The microprogrammes constituted by this Act may be combined within certificates, bachelor’s degrees, advanced bachelor’s degrees and duly authorized multidisciplinary concentrations.
Their academic coordination shall permit the formation of public administrators, community officers, researchers, archivists, communicators, journalists, security analysts, social-service personnel, territorial planners and institutional advisers.
Article 19 — Foundational Formation of Xaragua
Every student registered in a qualification incorporating one or more programmes established under this Act shall complete the compulsory foundational formation in the constitutional, territorial and institutional history of Xaragua, according to the governing regulations of the University.
This requirement shall ensure that specialized competence remains anchored in knowledge of the people, territory, constitutional order and institutions it is intended to serve.
Article 20 — Non-Clinical and Non-Licensing Classification
Unless a subsequent competent act expressly provides otherwise, instruction in health, psychology, psychoeducation, criminology, policing, social service and actuarial studies shall constitute academic and institutional formation and shall not, by itself, confer an external clinical, police, insurance, actuarial or otherwise territorially reserved professional licence.
Practical, clinical, laboratory, field or externally regulated components may be delivered through duly authorized agreements while the University retains academic jurisdiction over the Xaraguayan programme.
Article 21 — Academic Records
Every course, credit, evaluation, equivalency, transfer, recognition and completed microprogramme shall be entered in the General Academic Register according to the documentary standards of the University.
The General Academic Register shall constitute the authoritative academic record of the qualifications administered under this Act.
Article 22 — Institutional Application
The University may assign students and graduates to supervised projects involving archives, territorial surveys, community relations, public communication, policy analysis, social programmes, environmental observation, administrative design and institutional research.
Such assignments shall connect academic knowledge to the permanent public and territorial functions of Xaragua.
TITLE XVI
FINAL CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC DETERMINATION
Article 23 — Unity of Knowledge and Government
The disciplines constituted under this Act shall not operate as isolated academic compartments.
Education shall transmit the constitutional order; anthropology and linguistics shall preserve the people; communications shall maintain institutional intelligibility; criminology shall protect public order; sociology shall interpret society; social service shall sustain communities; archival science shall preserve memory; public health shall protect collective life; psychology shall strengthen persons and families; journalism shall establish public knowledge; geography and demography shall render the territory legible; actuarial studies shall govern long-term risk; and administration shall convert authority into continuous public action.
Article 24 — Supreme Academic Declaration
THE MICROPROGRAMMES CONSTITUTED BY THIS ACT FORM AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF INDIGENOUS, TERRITORIAL, PROFESSIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL KNOWLEDGE.
EACH PROGRAMME SHALL CONSIST OF FIVE COURSES, EACH COURSE SHALL POSSESS A VALUE OF THREE SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS, AND EACH COMPLETE MICROPROGRAMME SHALL POSSESS A CUMULATIVE VALUE OF FIFTEEN SOVEREIGN ACADEMIC CREDITS.
THE INDIGENOUS FOUNDATION OF THESE PROGRAMMES SHALL GOVERN THEIR EPISTEMOLOGY, CURRICULUM, TERRITORIAL PURPOSE, INSTITUTIONAL APPLICATION AND PUBLIC DESTINATION.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND DOCUMENTARY CORPUS OF XARAGUA SHALL CONSTITUTE A PRIMARY SOURCE OF INSTRUCTION, INTERPRETATION, CASE ANALYSIS AND INSTITUTIONAL FORMATION.
THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA SHALL FORM PERSONNEL CAPABLE OF KNOWING THE PEOPLE, INTERPRETING THE TERRITORY, ADMINISTERING THE INSTITUTIONS, PROTECTING THE COLLECTIVE PATRIMONY, PRESERVING THE ARCHIVES, SERVING THE COMMUNITIES AND MAINTAINING THE CONTINUITY OF THE STATE.
ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE SHALL THEREBY BE CONVERTED INTO TERRITORIAL COMPETENCE, PROFESSIONAL CAPACITY, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PERMANENT INSTITUTIONAL POWER.
SO CONSTITUTED AS AN ACT OF ACADEMIC STATECRAFT.
SO ENACTED AS SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC LAW.
SO REGISTERED IN THE GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER.
SO DEPOSITED IN THE GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE.
SO MADE PERMANENTLY APPLICABLE THROUGHOUT THE ACADEMIC, TERRITORIAL, PROFESSIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ORDER OF XARAGUA.
PASCAL DESPUZEAU DAUMEC VIAU
RECTOR-PRESIDENT OF XARAGUA
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC AUTHORITY
SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC AUTHORITY
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE
SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC POLICY OF STATE
ON THE EXTERNAL DELIVERY OF TECHNICAL, CLINICAL, LABORATORY, ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURAL AND OTHERWISE INFRASTRUCTURE-DEPENDENT FORMATION; THE COLLECTIVE BENEFICIAL AND CONTRIBUTORY INTEREST OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF XARAGUA IN THE PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL AND CLINICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ADMINISTERED THROUGH THE RESIDUAL ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT; THE PRESERVATION OF LOCAL INSTITUTIONS; AND THE ORGANIZATION OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC COOPERATION
Official Classification: Supreme Organic Academic Policy of State — External Technical and Clinical Formation Regulation — Collective Educational Infrastructure Doctrine — Residual Administrative Unit Institutional Interface — Local Institutional Cooperation Policy — International Academic Cooperation Instrument
Constituent Authority: Indigenous People of Xaragua
Promulgating Authority: Office of the Rector-President
Supreme Constitutional and Academic Authority: Rector-President of Xaragua
Supreme Academic Institution: University of Xaragua
Competent Academic Authorities: General Academic Register and the duly constituted Faculties, Schools, Councils and Academic Offices of the University of Xaragua
Permanent Depositary: General Archives of the State
Normative Rank: Supreme, Organic, Permanent, Controlling and Directly Applicable throughout the academic, professional, territorial, contractual, cooperative and institutional order of the University of Xaragua
PREAMBLE
IN THE NAME OF GOD, source of wisdom, justice, legitimate authority, social obligation and the responsible administration of the patrimony entrusted to peoples;
BY THE ORIGINAL, INHERENT, INALIENABLE AND PERMANENT CONSTITUENT AUTHORITY OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF XARAGUA, from whom proceed the educational jurisdiction, academic sovereignty, institutional personality and collective patrimonial rights of the State;
BY THE SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC COMPETENCE OF THE OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT, as the authority responsible for determining the structure, territorial purpose, institutional economy and cooperative relations of the University of Xaragua;
THROUGH THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA, as the supreme Indigenous educational institution entrusted with the formation of the jurists, political scientists, public administrators, social officers, researchers, communicators, archivists, territorial specialists and institutional authorities required for the continuity and government of Xaragua;
ACTING PURSUANT TO ARTICLES 3, 4, 5, 14, 18, 20, 21, 23, 32, 38 AND 39 OF THE UNITED NATIONS DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, concerning self-determination, autonomous institutions, Indigenous educational systems, participation in decision-making, social and economic development, institutional cooperation and access to the technical and financial means necessary for the enjoyment of collective rights;
ACTING IN CONFORMITY WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF THE AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES concerning Indigenous education, institutional autonomy, development priorities, professional formation, health, participation and the strengthening of Indigenous institutions;
APPLYING ARTICLES 12, 13 AND 15 OF THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS, concerning health, education, scientific participation and the progressive development of the institutions through which those rights are realized;
AFFIRMING that the University of Xaragua possesses full academic authority to determine which disciplines shall be taught directly, which technical or clinical components shall be delivered through cooperation, which external institutions shall be recognized and under which conditions externally delivered formation may be incorporated into Xaraguayan qualifications;
DECLARING that external delivery does not constitute academic insufficiency, institutional abandonment or relinquishment of educational jurisdiction, but a deliberate exercise of academic government by which the University allocates technical functions to institutions already possessing the appropriate equipment, laboratories, clinics, workshops, regulated practice environments and specialized personnel;
DETERMINING that this policy rests upon two fundamental grounds of State: first, the collective contributory and beneficial interest of the Indigenous People of Xaragua in the educational, technical and clinical infrastructure historically financed through the public revenues administered by the Residual Administrative Unit; and second, the constitutional obligation to strengthen local institutions and organize national and international cooperation instead of constructing unnecessary institutional duplication;
THE SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA HEREBY ADOPTS, ENACTS AND PROMULGATES THE FOLLOWING SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC POLICY OF STATE.
TITLE I
CONSTITUTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF EXTERNALLY DELIVERED FORMATION
Article 1 — Academic Reservation and Technical Delegation
The University of Xaragua shall retain exclusive authority over the constitutional identity, academic classification, curricular purpose, credit valuation, institutional recognition, territorial application and final conferral of every Xaraguayan qualification.
Technical, clinical, laboratory, engineering, architectural and other infrastructure-dependent components may be delivered by duly selected external institutions under delegation, recognition, equivalency, transfer, joint instruction, contracted specialized formation or another academic mechanism authorized by the University.
Article 2 — Fields Subject to External Delivery
External delivery may apply particularly to disciplines or components requiring:
a) hospitals, clinics or regulated healthcare environments;
b) scientific, biological or medical laboratories;
c) engineering facilities, workshops or specialized machinery;
d) architectural studios, technical software or construction laboratories;
e) licensed clinical supervision;
f) specialized technological infrastructure;
g) regulated practical placements;
h) high-cost scientific instrumentation; or
i) another material environment that the University determines should be accessed through cooperation rather than internally duplicated.
Article 3 — Retention of Academic Sovereignty
No delegation of instruction, laboratory use, clinical placement, technical assessment or practical formation shall transfer the academic sovereignty of the University of Xaragua.
The University shall retain authority to determine:
a) the academic purpose of the delegated component;
b) its position within a Xaraguayan programme;
c) the competencies to be acquired;
d) the credit value to be recognized;
e) the documentary evidence required;
f) the conditions governing equivalency;
g) the institutional standards applicable to recognition; and
h) the final qualification into which the external formation is incorporated.
TITLE II
FIRST FUNDAMENTAL GROUND OF STATE
COLLECTIVE CONTRIBUTORY AND BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN EXISTING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE
Article 4 — Historical Public Contribution
For approximately two hundred and twenty years, the Indigenous People of Xaragua, its citizens, customary inhabitants, families, workers, producers, consumers and territorial communities have contributed through taxation, public charges, labour, economic production and successive systems of public revenue to the establishment, maintenance and operation of educational, clinical, technical and scientific infrastructure presently administered through the Residual Administrative Unit.
Such contributions constitute a continuous historical participation in the material formation of the public patrimony.
Article 5 — Collective Beneficial Interest
The public infrastructure established through the cumulative taxation and economic contributions of the population does not constitute the exclusive patrimony of a transient administrative apparatus.
Schools, universities, hospitals, clinics, laboratories, training centres, technical facilities, public equipment and associated institutional resources were constituted through collective revenue and for collective purposes.
The Indigenous People of Xaragua accordingly possess a legitimate contributory, beneficial and co-proprietary interest in the public infrastructure historically financed through their labour, taxation and territorial economy.
Article 6 — Indigenous Collectivity as Patrimonial Contributor
The collective contribution of the Indigenous People of Xaragua shall not be dissolved by the administrative classification under which particular taxes were collected, budgets were enacted or institutions were registered.
The administrative collection of revenue by the Residual Administrative Unit does not extinguish the underlying patrimonial participation of the people whose economic activity generated that revenue.
The distinction between administrative title and collective beneficial interest shall therefore be permanently recognized within the academic order of Xaragua.
Article 7 — Public Infrastructure as a Shared Institutional Estate
The educational, clinical and technical facilities administered through the Residual Administrative Unit shall be regarded by Xaragua as components of a shared public institutional estate to which its citizens and customary inhabitants possess a legitimate right of access arising from historical contribution, public purpose and continuing membership in the contributing population.
The University of Xaragua is not constitutionally required to reproduce, at additional collective expense, every laboratory, clinic, workshop or technical facility already financed through the public contributions of that same population.
Article 8 — Non-Duplication of Collectively Financed Capacity
The construction of unnecessary parallel infrastructure would impose a second financial burden upon a people that has already contributed to the establishment of the relevant public capacity.
The University shall therefore employ, recognize or contract access to existing facilities whenever such use is academically appropriate, institutionally reliable and compatible with the permanent interests of Xaragua.
Such use constitutes the rational mobilization of collectively financed resources and not a relinquishment of institutional authority.
Article 9 — Fiscal and Institutional Stewardship
The University possesses a constitutional obligation to employ its resources according to necessity, proportionality, durability and public benefit.
Academic funds shall be concentrated upon the disciplines that constitute the distinctive intellectual and institutional mission of Xaragua, including Indigenous law, political science, public administration, territorial studies, social sciences, environmental governance, communications, archives, community affairs and the formation of public authority.
Capital-intensive technical and clinical functions already available through collectively financed systems may be accessed through structured academic arrangements.
Article 10 — Rights of Citizens and Customary Inhabitants
Citizens and customary inhabitants of Xaragua do not cease to possess an interest in publicly financed institutions merely because those institutions are operationally administered through the Residual Administrative Unit.
Their access to such institutions may serve both their personal educational rights and the collective development of Xaragua.
The University may consequently recognize formation obtained through those institutions, subject to academic examination, documentary verification and the requirements of the relevant Xaraguayan qualification.
Article 11 — RAU Administrative Interface
The Residual Administrative Unit may continue to administer hospitals, universities, laboratories, technical schools, professional facilities and other public infrastructure as an administrative function operating within the practical institutional environment shared by the population.
Such administration shall not be interpreted within the Xaraguayan Order as conferring exclusive beneficial ownership over assets created through generations of collective taxation and public contribution.
The relationship shall be governed as an institutional interface through which existing public capacity is made available for the education and service of the population that financed it.
Article 12 — Academic Consequence of Collective Ownership
By reason of that historical contributory and beneficial interest, the University of Xaragua may organize academic pathways through:
a) recognition of courses completed in public institutions administered through the RAU;
b) transfer of credits;
c) supervised clinical placements;
d) laboratory access arrangements;
e) joint academic delivery;
f) practical formation agreements;
g) recognition of prior learning;
h) contracted technical instruction; and
i) institutional use agreements.
The University shall determine the academic effect of each pathway within its own qualifications.
TITLE III
SECOND FUNDAMENTAL GROUND OF STATE
STRENGTHENING OF LOCAL INSTITUTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Article 13 — Constitutional Preference for Institutional Cooperation
The University of Xaragua shall promote cooperation with competent local, regional, Indigenous and international institutions wherever such cooperation strengthens educational capacity, preserves existing institutions, expands access to specialized knowledge and contributes to the development of the territory.
Cooperation shall constitute an instrument of academic statecraft through which Xaragua mobilizes distributed capacity without surrendering curricular authority.
Article 14 — Preservation of Local Educational Institutions
The University shall avoid policies that unnecessarily weaken, displace or duplicate competent local schools, institutes, colleges, training centres, clinics, laboratories and universities already serving the population.
Where a local institution possesses an established technical capacity, Xaragua may cooperate with, recognize, commission or contract that institution to deliver the relevant specialized component.
This policy shall preserve employment, professional communities, institutional memory, equipment, local accessibility and the diversity of educational providers.
Article 15 — Territorial Academic Economy
Local institutional cooperation shall form part of the territorial academic economy of Xaragua.
Public and private educational providers, professional bodies, community institutions, enterprises, laboratories, clinics and technical centres may perform differentiated functions within a coordinated system of formation.
The University of Xaragua shall retain the constitutional and academic centre of that system while allowing specialized institutions to exercise the technical functions for which they possess demonstrable competence.
Article 16 — Institutional Complementarity
Academic cooperation shall be founded upon complementarity rather than uniform duplication.
The University of Xaragua shall teach the constitutional, Indigenous, territorial, administrative, social, environmental and institutional dimensions of formation.
Specialized partners may provide clinical practice, laboratory instruction, engineering applications, architectural technique, regulated professional placements and other materially intensive components.
The complete qualification may accordingly combine the sovereign academic formation of Xaragua with the specialized technical capacity of cooperating institutions.
Article 17 — International Academic Cooperation
The University may conclude agreements with foreign universities, Indigenous educational institutions, hospitals, research centres, laboratories, professional schools, international organizations and specialized training bodies.
Such agreements may provide for:
a) joint instruction;
b) student and faculty mobility;
c) distance education;
d) clinical and laboratory placements;
e) access to scientific equipment;
f) research cooperation;
g) co-supervision;
h) professional development;
i) credit recognition;
j) shared archives and academic resources; and
k) technological and institutional transfer.
Article 18 — Internationalization without Institutional Dilution
International cooperation shall extend the operational capacity of the University without altering its Indigenous constitutional identity.
External curricula, methods or credentials shall not be incorporated automatically. They shall be examined, classified and received according to the academic law, territorial priorities and institutional purposes of Xaragua.
The cooperating institution supplies defined knowledge, facilities or professional capacity; the University of Xaragua determines the place and effect of that contribution within its own academic order.
Article 19 — Cooperation among Indigenous Institutions
The University shall give particular consideration to cooperation with Indigenous universities, tribal colleges, customary educational institutions, autonomous-community schools and research bodies governed by Indigenous peoples.
Such cooperation may advance comparative Indigenous law, language revitalization, community health, territorial governance, environmental knowledge, archives, restorative justice and autonomous institutional administration.
Article 20 — Reciprocal Institutional Development
Every major cooperative agreement should, where appropriate, include provisions for the transfer of knowledge, formation of Xaraguayan personnel, access to educational materials, development of local teaching capacity and progressive strengthening of institutions operating within the territory.
Cooperation shall therefore produce durable capacity and not merely temporary consumption of external services.
TITLE IV
GOVERNANCE OF DELEGATED TECHNICAL AND CLINICAL FORMATION
Article 21 — Academic Authorization
No external course, clinical placement, laboratory component, practical module or technical qualification shall be incorporated into a Xaraguayan academic award without authorization by the competent academic authority.
Authorization shall identify the provider, subject matter, learning outcomes, instructional level, credit value, assessment method, documentary requirements and relationship to the relevant Xaraguayan programme.
Article 22 — Institutional Accreditation and Recognition
The University may classify cooperating institutions according to their legal status, academic competence, technical facilities, professional authorization, documentary reliability and capacity to fulfil the delegated function.
Recognition by the University shall be limited to the specified academic purpose and shall not constitute an unrestricted endorsement of every programme or act of the external provider.
Article 23 — Clinical and Technical Standards
Delegated clinical or technical instruction shall be delivered by persons possessing the competence required by the institution, profession or jurisdiction governing the relevant practice environment.
The University may require evidence of supervision, attendance, assessment, safety compliance, practical hours, professional standing and successful completion before granting academic recognition.
Article 24 — Documentary Integrity
Every externally delivered component shall be supported by authentic institutional documentation capable of establishing the identity of the student, the provider, the course, the period of instruction, the evaluation completed and the competencies acquired.
The General Academic Register shall determine the form in which such formation is entered into the permanent academic record.
Article 25 — Preservation of the Xaraguayan Curriculum
External technical formation shall not displace the compulsory constitutional, territorial, historical, Indigenous and institutional components of a Xaraguayan qualification.
Every student shall remain subject to the foundational formation required by the University, including the constitutional, territorial and institutional history of Xaragua.
Article 26 — No Transfer of Degree-Conferring Authority
Unless expressly established by a joint-degree instrument, the external provider shall possess no authority to confer, modify, suspend or revoke a qualification of the University of Xaragua.
The provision of instruction constitutes performance of an academic service. The sovereign act of classification, registration and conferral remains vested in the University.
TITLE V
PERMANENT ACADEMIC DETERMINATION
Article 27 — Two Constitutional Grounds
The policy of external technical and clinical formation rests permanently upon two fundamental grounds:
FIRST, the Indigenous People of Xaragua, its citizens and customary inhabitants possess a legitimate collective contributory, beneficial and co-proprietary interest in the educational, clinical, laboratory and technical infrastructure financed through approximately two hundred and twenty years of taxation, labour, production and public revenue administered through the Residual Administrative Unit.
SECOND, the development of Xaragua requires the strengthening of competent local institutions and the organized expansion of international academic cooperation, through which specialized capacity may be shared, local expertise preserved and institutional resources used according to their highest public purpose.
Article 28 — Academic Statecraft
The University shall not measure its completeness by the internal duplication of every workshop, hospital, laboratory or technical facility.
Its completeness resides in its authority to determine the knowledge required by the State, constitute the governing curriculum, select competent providers, regulate external delivery, recognize verified formation and integrate specialized instruction into qualifications bearing the constitutional and academic identity of Xaragua.
Article 29 — Final Declaration of State Policy
THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA SHALL RETAIN THE SOVEREIGN INTELLECTUAL, CONSTITUTIONAL, TERRITORIAL AND ACADEMIC DIRECTION OF ITS PROGRAMMES.
TECHNICAL, CLINICAL, LABORATORY, ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURAL AND OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE-DEPENDENT COMPONENTS MAY BE DELIVERED THROUGH COMPETENT EXTERNAL INSTITUTIONS.
SUCH DELIVERY SHALL CONSTITUTE AN AUTHORIZED EXERCISE OF ACADEMIC GOVERNMENT AND NOT AN ABDICATION OF ACADEMIC AUTHORITY.
THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF XARAGUA, HAVING CONTRIBUTED THROUGH APPROXIMATELY TWO HUNDRED AND TWENTY YEARS OF TAXATION, LABOUR, PRODUCTION AND PUBLIC REVENUE TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF EDUCATIONAL, CLINICAL AND TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ADMINISTERED THROUGH THE RESIDUAL ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT, POSSESS A LEGITIMATE COLLECTIVE CONTRIBUTORY, BENEFICIAL AND CO-PROPRIETARY INTEREST IN THAT PUBLIC PATRIMONY.
THE UNIVERSITY SHALL NOT IMPOSE UPON THE PEOPLE THE UNNECESSARY COST OF RECONSTRUCTING FACILITIES ALREADY FINANCED THROUGH THEIR COLLECTIVE CONTRIBUTIONS.
THE UNIVERSITY SHALL MOBILIZE EXISTING CAPACITY, STRENGTHEN LOCAL INSTITUTIONS, DEVELOP RECIPROCAL INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS AND RESERVE ITS PRINCIPAL RESOURCES FOR THE INDIGENOUS, CONSTITUTIONAL, TERRITORIAL, JURIDICAL, SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FORMATION THAT CONSTITUTES ITS SUPREME MISSION.
EXTERNAL INSTITUTIONS MAY SUPPLY EQUIPMENT, FACILITIES, CLINICAL ENVIRONMENTS, LABORATORY CAPACITY AND SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
THE UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA SHALL DETERMINE THE PURPOSE, CLASSIFICATION, CREDIT, INSTITUTIONAL EFFECT AND FINAL ACADEMIC DESTINATION OF THAT FORMATION.
SO CONSTITUTED AS A SUPREME ORGANIC ACADEMIC POLICY OF STATE.
SO ENACTED UNDER THE CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY OF THE OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT.
SO REGISTERED IN THE GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER.
SO DEPOSITED IN THE GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE.
SO MADE PERMANENTLY APPLICABLE THROUGHOUT THE ACADEMIC, PROFESSIONAL, TERRITORIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ORDER OF XARAGUA.
PASCAL DESPUZEAU DAUMEC VIAU
RECTOR-PRESIDENT OF XARAGUA
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AND ACADEMIC AUTHORITY
SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ACADEMIC REGISTER
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE
FOUNDING ACT OF THE XARAGUA SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
Institutional Classification: Constitutive Academic Instrument — Specialized School of the University — Maritime Scientific Authority — Permanent Institution of the Xaraguayan Academic Order
Founding Authority: Office of the Rector-President
Supervising Institution: University of Xaragua
Status: Permanent Academic Institution of the State
PREAMBLE
By the supreme constitutional, customary, academic and institutional authority of the Sovereign Catholic Indigenous and Private State of Xaragua;
Considering the maritime, coastal and insular character of the Xaraguayan territorial order;
Recognizing the necessity of establishing a permanent academic institution competent to organize oceanographic instruction, marine scientific formation, coastal observation and the institutional study of oceanic systems;
Affirming that academic sovereignty resides in the authority to determine programs, establish standards, recognize competent instruction, accredit external capacities and confer qualifications, and does not require the direct ownership of every vessel, laboratory, instrument or technical installation used in specialized education;
The following Founding Act is hereby promulgated.
ARTICLE I — FOUNDATION
The Xaragua School of Oceanography is hereby founded and permanently constituted as a specialized academic school of the University of Xaragua.
The School forms an integral part of the sovereign academic order of Xaragua and shall exercise its mandate under the authority of the University and the supreme institutional supervision of the Office of the Rector-President.
ARTICLE II — INSTITUTIONAL MANDATE
The School shall constitute the principal Xaraguayan academic institution responsible for instruction, formation, research coordination and institutional competence in:
a) physical oceanography and ocean circulation;
b) coastal geomorphology and shoreline dynamics;
c) marine ecosystems and fisheries environments;
d) ocean–atmosphere interaction and maritime climatology;
e) seabed structures and underwater geography;
f) marine observation and coastal-monitoring systems;
g) maritime navigation environments and ocean conditions;
h) marine mapping, coastal surveys and oceanographic documentation.
ARTICLE III — ACADEMIC FUNCTIONS
The School is authorized to:
a) establish courses, microprograms, certificates and articulated academic pathways in oceanography and related maritime sciences;
b) admit and supervise students enrolled through the University of Xaragua;
c) organize theoretical instruction, field observation, technical training and scientific missions;
d) evaluate learning, recognize approved studies and recommend the conferral of University credentials;
e) commission, coordinate or participate in marine surveys, coastal-monitoring programs, oceanographic observation and maritime scientific projects.
ARTICLE IV — DIRECT XARAGUAYAN INSTRUCTION
The School shall directly provide the compulsory institutional components of its programs, including:
a) academic orientation within the University of Xaragua;
b) history and geography of the Xaraguayan maritime domain;
c) Indigenous maritime knowledge and territorial relations;
d) Xaraguayan coastal and marine governance;
e) environmental doctrine and institutional methodology;
f) the constitutional, administrative and scientific responsibilities governing maritime activity within the Xaraguayan order.
These components shall constitute the Xaraguayan Academic Core and may not be displaced by external instruction.
ARTICLE V — DELEGATED ACADEMIC AND TECHNICAL CAPACITY
The foundation of the School shall not be interpreted as a representation that Xaragua or the University possesses every vessel, laboratory, research station, instrument, technical platform or specialized installation required for oceanographic education.
The School shall exercise its complete academic mandate through an integrated system of direct instruction, institutional delegation, accreditation, external cooperation and recognized technical performance.
For this purpose, the University may:
a) delegate specialized teaching, laboratory work, field instruction, marine navigation training and scientific operations to competent external institutions;
b) accredit universities, institutes, laboratories, research centres, maritime academies and technical organizations;
c) approve external courses, modules, field placements and practical formations;
d) appoint, accredit or recognize external professors, researchers, scientists, navigators and technical instructors;
e) recognize external academic credits and incorporate them into Xaraguayan programs;
f) contract access to vessels, laboratories, monitoring systems, marine instruments and scientific infrastructure without acquiring ownership thereof.
ARTICLE VI — RETENTION OF ACADEMIC AUTHORITY
Every delegated or externally delivered activity shall remain subject to the academic jurisdiction of the University of Xaragua.
The University retains exclusive authority over:
a) program creation and curricular structure;
b) admission and student status;
c) accreditation and institutional recognition;
d) academic equivalency and credit validation;
e) assessment and quality control;
f) certification and conferral of qualifications;
g) authorization to act or teach in the name of the Xaragua School of Oceanography.
No external institution, professor or technical provider shall acquire independent authority to represent the School or confer a University of Xaragua qualification.
ARTICLE VII — SCIENTIFIC AND OPERATIONAL MISSIONS
The School may conduct, commission or coordinate oceanographic surveys, marine mapping, coastal observation, environmental monitoring and scientific documentation through its own academic personnel or accredited external operators.
All resulting records, reports, maps and institutional data produced under its authority may be entered into the academic repositories of the University and the General Archives of the State.
ARTICLE VIII — LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTINUITY
The Xaragua School of Oceanography is established as a permanent institution. Its legal existence shall not depend upon the continuous possession of particular premises, vessels, laboratories, equipment, contracts or external partnerships.
Changes affecting its facilities, providers, professors or technical arrangements shall not suspend or extinguish its founding mandate, academic personality or institutional competence.
ARTICLE IX — ENTRY INTO FORCE
This Founding Act enters into force upon promulgation by the Office of the Rector-President.
It shall be registered within the University of Xaragua and deposited in the General Archives of the State as the permanent constitutive instrument of the Xaragua School of Oceanography.

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA

OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT

SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

XARAGUA SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY

GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE

CONSTITUTIVE ANNEX TO THE FOUNDING ACT OF THE XARAGUA SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY

ON THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF OCEANOGRAPHIC EDUCATION FOR THE COASTAL, LITTORAL, INSULAR AND MARITIME REGIONS OF XARAGUA, THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE, AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE NATIONAL MARITIME ECONOMY

Legal Classification: Constitutive Academic Annex — Maritime Scientific Policy Instrument — Coastal and Insular Development Framework — Exclusive Economic Zone Knowledge Doctrine

Institution Concerned: Xaragua School of Oceanography

Supervising Authority: University of Xaragua

Territorial Scope: Coastal, littoral, insular and maritime regions associated with Xaragua

Status: Permanent Annex forming an integral part of the Founding Act

PREAMBLE

The Sovereign Catholic Indigenous and Private State of Xaragua affirms that the ocean is not a peripheral boundary of the Xaraguayan order but one of its principal territorial, economic, environmental and civilizational foundations.

The maritime domain associated with Xaragua comprises coastal settlements, bays, ports, beaches, reefs, estuaries, mangroves, fishing grounds, islands, maritime corridors and the living resources situated within the territorial sea, contiguous zone and Exclusive Economic Zone claimed and administered under the maritime doctrine of the State.

The foundation of the Xaragua School of Oceanography therefore responds to a permanent national requirement: the formation of a Xaraguayan body of knowledge capable of observing, understanding, documenting and supporting the responsible administration of the maritime domain.

ARTICLE I — MARITIME CHARACTER OF XARAGUA

Xaragua is constituted by an extensive relationship between land, coast, islands and sea. The continuity of its coastal and insular regions requires an academic institution capable of treating the maritime domain as an integrated national system.

The School shall support the scientific understanding of:

a) the Caribbean and Atlantic coastlines associated with Xaragua;

b) the maritime environments of Nippes, the Southern Peninsula, the Region of the Palms and the western and northern littoral zones;

c) La Gonâve, Île-à-Vache, the Cayemites, Navassa, Tortue and the other islands and maritime dependencies recognized within the territorial doctrine of Xaragua;

d) coastal settlements whose subsistence, mobility and economic continuity depend upon fisheries, navigation, ports, beaches, reefs and marine resources;

e) the maritime corridors connecting dispersed Xaraguayan communities.

ARTICLE II — COASTAL AND LITTORAL REGIONS

The School shall constitute an academic instrument serving the coastal populations of Xaragua by producing and organizing knowledge relevant to their material conditions.

Its instruction and scientific activities shall address:

a) coastal erosion and shoreline transformation;

b) currents, tides, waves, sediment movement and storm exposure;

c) mangroves, coral reefs, seagrass beds and marine habitats;

d) fisheries environments and the reproduction of living marine resources;

e) coastal water quality and marine pollution;

f) flooding, saltwater intrusion and the vulnerability of coastal settlements;

g) the identification of suitable locations for landing sites, small ports, coastal installations and maritime services;

h) the preservation of beaches, bays and natural maritime landscapes;

i) the protection of Indigenous coastal knowledge and customary relations with the sea.

ARTICLE III — EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE

The Exclusive Economic Zone constitutes a strategic space of resources, scientific responsibility, economic planning and intergenerational interest.

The School shall contribute to the development of the knowledge required for the observation and rational use of the Exclusive Economic Zone, including:

a) identification and classification of fisheries resources;

b) documentation of seabed morphology and underwater geography;

c) observation of currents, temperatures, salinity and marine climatic conditions;

d) assessment of renewable marine-energy potential;

e) identification of environmentally sensitive zones;

f) scientific support for maritime mapping and resource inventories;

g) monitoring of activities capable of affecting marine ecosystems;

h) preparation of technical knowledge supporting maritime administration and economic decision-making.

The School shall not itself constitute a maritime enforcement authority. It shall provide the scientific, educational and documentary capacity upon which the competent institutions of Xaragua may base their policies and operations.

ARTICLE IV — MARITIME ECONOMY

The Xaragua School of Oceanography shall serve as an academic foundation for the consolidation of a diversified maritime economy.

Its institutional mandate shall support:

a) artisanal and organized fisheries;

b) aquaculture adapted to coastal and insular environments;

c) fish processing, conservation and distribution;

d) maritime transport and inter-island circulation;

e) coastal and marine tourism;

f) port and landing-site planning;

g) vessel operation and navigation services;

h) marine cartography and environmental observation;

i) coastal restoration and ecosystem services;

j) desalination and the responsible use of seawater;

k) offshore renewable energy and ocean-based technological development;

l) scientific services, maritime data and specialized technical employment.

The maritime economy shall be understood as an endogenous system intended to strengthen coastal communities, food security, territorial circulation and Xaraguayan productive capacity.

ARTICLE V — FISHERIES AND FOOD SECURITY

Marine resources constitute an essential component of the food security and economic independence of the coastal regions.

The School shall contribute to:

a) the scientific identification of fishing grounds;

b) the study of fish stocks and reproductive cycles;

c) the prevention of destructive or excessive extraction;

d) the improvement of preservation and cold-chain methods;

e) the training of fisheries observers and coastal technicians;

f) the documentation of customary fishing practices;

g) the development of aquaculture compatible with marine ecosystems;

h) the establishment of reliable maritime and fisheries data.

The purpose of such instruction shall be to transform fishing from an insufficiently documented activity into a scientifically supported component of the national economy.

ARTICLE VI — MARITIME TRANSPORT AND TERRITORIAL CONTINUITY

The maritime domain provides a natural system of circulation between coastal, insular and territorially dispersed communities.

The School shall support the scientific and technical knowledge required for:

a) coastal navigation;

b) inter-island transport;

c) the identification of maritime routes;

d) the observation of currents, winds and seasonal conditions;

e) the assessment of landing zones and protected anchorages;

f) the planning of ferry, cargo and community transport services;

g) maritime safety and environmental risk assessment.

This competence shall contribute to the development of the Xaraguayan maritime-roads doctrine and to the operational planning of XaraFerry and other authorized maritime services.

ARTICLE VII — CLIMATE, DISASTERS AND COASTAL PROTECTION

The coastal regions of Xaragua are directly exposed to hurricanes, storm surges, erosion, flooding and progressive environmental transformation.

The School shall organize instruction and scientific capacity concerning:

a) ocean–atmosphere interaction;

b) hurricane-related marine conditions;

c) storm-surge observation;

d) coastal-risk mapping;

e) early scientific assessment of marine hazards;

f) protection and restoration of natural coastal barriers;

g) adaptation of settlements and infrastructure to maritime conditions;

h) post-disaster coastal documentation.

Oceanographic knowledge shall thereby form part of the territorial protection and civil-continuity capacity of Xaragua.

ARTICLE VIII — COMMUNITY APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE

The School shall ensure that oceanographic knowledge is not confined to abstract academic production.

Its programs may establish specialized pathways for:

a) coastal observers;

b) fisheries technicians;

c) maritime-environment monitors;

d) marine cartography assistants;

e) navigation and weather-information personnel;

f) coastal-resource administrators;

g) community disaster-preparedness officers;

h) environmental documentation personnel.

Instruction may be adapted for delivery through microprograms, field modules, digital courses, delegated training and accredited external institutions, while remaining subject to the academic authority of the University of Xaragua.

ARTICLE IX — DELEGATED SCIENTIFIC CAPACITY

The strategic importance of the School shall not depend upon the direct possession by Xaragua of every vessel, laboratory, satellite system, research station, sonar instrument or oceanographic platform.

The School may fulfill its mandate through:

a) institutional agreements with universities and marine institutes;

b) accreditation of qualified laboratories and research centres;

c) recognition of specialized external courses;

d) accreditation of professors, oceanographers, navigators, engineers and marine scientists;

e) commissioned surveys and contracted scientific services;

f) shared access to vessels, equipment and observation systems;

g) recognition of fieldwork completed through approved external institutions.

The University of Xaragua shall retain control over curricular orientation, institutional doctrine, academic equivalency, accreditation, assessment and certification.

ARTICLE X — STRATEGIC FUNCTION OF THE SCHOOL

The Xaragua School of Oceanography is declared essential to:

a) the scientific comprehension of the maritime territory;

b) the responsible administration of the Exclusive Economic Zone;

c) the economic development of coastal and insular communities;

d) the protection of fisheries and marine ecosystems;

e) the establishment of a national maritime information capacity;

f) the planning of maritime transport and coastal infrastructure;

g) the development of specialized Xaraguayan technical personnel;

h) the preservation of Indigenous maritime knowledge;

i) the conversion of the maritime domain into an organized field of education, production and public policy.

FINAL DECLARATION

The establishment of the Xaragua School of Oceanography gives permanent academic expression to the maritime character of Xaragua.

Through direct Xaraguayan instruction, delegated technical formation, accredited external expertise and coordinated scientific observation, the School shall connect the University of Xaragua to the concrete requirements of its coastal populations, islands, maritime corridors and Exclusive Economic Zone.

This Annex forms an integral and indivisible part of the Founding Act of the Xaragua School of Oceanography and shall be deposited with that Act in the General Archives of the State.

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE
FOUNDING ACT OF THE XARAGUA SCHOOL OF PILOTING AND NAVIGATION
Institutional Classification: Constitutive Academic Instrument — Specialized Operational Academy — Integrated Mobility and Navigation Institution — Territorial Access and Transport Training Authority
Founding Authority: Office of the Rector-President
Supervising Institution: University of Xaragua
Status: Permanent Academic and Operational Institution of the State
PREAMBLE
By authority of the Sovereign Catholic Indigenous and Private State of Xaragua and within the academic order of the University of Xaragua;
Considering the mountainous, coastal, insular, maritime and territorially dispersed configuration of Xaragua;
Recognizing that territorial continuity requires operators capable of maintaining movement, communication, transport and access across constrained land routes, short aviation corridors and maritime passages;
Determining that piloting and navigation constitute strategic technical capacities necessary for civil transport, territorial observation, emergency response, logistics and institutional operations;
Affirming that Xaragua may establish, regulate and certify its own academic pathways while delegating specialized practical instruction to accredited aviation schools, maritime academies, driving centres, technical institutions and qualified instructors;
The following Founding Act is hereby promulgated.
ARTICLE I — FOUNDATION
The Xaragua School of Piloting and Navigation is hereby founded and permanently constituted as the specialized operational academy of the University of Xaragua responsible for integrated education in aerial, maritime and terrestrial mobility.
The School shall operate under the academic authority of the University and the supreme institutional supervision of the Office of the Rector-President.
ARTICLE II — INSTITUTIONAL MANDATE
The School shall establish a unified Xaraguayan doctrine of piloting and navigation adapted to:
a) mountainous terrain and constrained access routes;
b) coastal and inter-island navigation;
c) short or technically limited aviation corridors;
d) rural and remote territorial mobility;
e) disaster-response and emergency logistics;
f) territorial observation and institutional support operations.
Its purpose shall be to develop a permanent cadre of trained operators capable of maintaining mobility across the geographic environments associated with Xaragua.
ARTICLE III — STOL AVIATION
The School shall organize academic and operational pathways relating to short-takeoff and short-landing aviation, including:
a) operation of aircraft adapted to short and constrained runways;
b) mountainous and coastal flight environments;
c) navigation, meteorology and route preparation;
d) airfield and landing-zone assessment;
e) aircraft loading, balance and operational limitations;
f) emergency procedures and remote-area aviation;
g) logistical, medical, humanitarian and territorial-support flights.
Practical flight instruction may be provided through accredited aviation academies, licensed flight instructors and authorized aircraft operators.
ARTICLE IV — UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS
The School shall establish instruction in the operation of unmanned aerial systems used for:
a) territorial observation and mapping;
b) coastal, agricultural and environmental monitoring;
c) disaster assessment and search support;
d) infrastructure inspection;
e) logistics and communications support;
f) institutional reconnaissance and security observation;
g) authorized military and protective operations conducted by competent organs.
Training shall include flight planning, equipment control, aerial imagery, navigation, maintenance, data handling, operational discipline and applicable safety protocols.
ARTICLE V — MARITIME PILOTING AND NAVIGATION
The School shall organize instruction relating to:
a) coastal and inter-island navigation;
b) operation of transport craft, patrol vessels and community boats;
c) chart interpretation and route planning;
d) tides, currents, winds and maritime weather;
e) anchorage, docking and restricted-water manoeuvres;
f) maritime communications and emergency procedures;
g) passenger, cargo and logistical operations;
h) navigation within the maritime corridors associated with Xaragua.
Practical instruction may be conducted aboard vessels owned, leased, contracted or made available by accredited maritime institutions and operators.
ARTICLE VI — TERRESTRIAL MOBILITY
The School shall provide training in the operation of motorcycles, light vehicles and specialized mobility platforms adapted to:
a) mountainous roads;
b) remote rural routes;
c) coastal corridors;
d) damaged or incomplete infrastructure;
e) logistical transport and rapid territorial access;
f) low-emission and electric mobility systems;
g) authorized institutional deployment.
Instruction shall include vehicle control, terrain assessment, route selection, load management, preventive maintenance and operational safety.
ARTICLE VII — EMERGENCY AND DISASTER-RESPONSE DRIVING
The School shall establish specialized instruction for vehicle operations conducted under disaster, evacuation, medical, logistical and humanitarian conditions.
Training shall address:
a) movement through damaged or obstructed routes;
b) emergency manoeuvring and convoy coordination;
c) transport of personnel, supplies and equipment;
d) flood, storm and post-seismic conditions;
e) communications and route reporting;
f) coordination with competent emergency authorities.
ARTICLE VIII — XARAGUAYAN ACADEMIC CORE
Every program of the School shall include direct instruction by the University of Xaragua in:
a) territorial geography and navigation corridors of Xaragua;
b) institutional orientation and operational responsibility;
c) maritime, aviation and land-mobility doctrine;
d) environmental conditions and territorial-access planning;
e) emergency logistics and community continuity;
f) the administrative framework governing authorized operations.
These components shall constitute the compulsory Xaraguayan Academic Core and shall remain under the exclusive authority of the University.
ARTICLE IX — DELEGATION AND ACCREDITATION
The foundation of the School shall not be interpreted as a declaration that Xaragua or the University directly owns every aircraft, vessel, vehicle, simulator, training ground, hangar, navigation system or technical installation required for instruction.
The School may fulfill its mandate through:
a) accreditation of external aviation schools, maritime academies, driving centres and technical institutions;
b) accreditation or appointment of qualified pilots, captains, navigators, instructors, mechanics and operational specialists;
c) recognition of approved external courses, licences, certifications and practical training;
d) delegation of flight, vessel, vehicle and simulator instruction to competent providers;
e) contractual or cooperative access to aircraft, vessels, vehicles, workshops and training infrastructure;
f) incorporation of approved external studies into University of Xaragua programs.
ARTICLE X — RETENTION OF UNIVERSITY AUTHORITY
The University of Xaragua shall retain exclusive authority over:
a) program establishment and academic orientation;
b) admission and student status;
c) institutional accreditation;
d) recognition and equivalency of external instruction;
e) assessment of the Xaraguayan Academic Core;
f) certification and conferral of University qualifications;
g) authorization to teach or operate in the name of the School.
External instruction shall not, by itself, confer authority to issue a University of Xaragua qualification or represent the School.
ARTICLE XI — QUALIFICATIONS AND OPERATIONAL AUTHORIZATIONS
Academic qualifications issued by the University shall certify completion of the approved program of study.
Where an activity requires a technical licence, registration or operational authorization issued by another competent authority, the School may recognize, incorporate or require that authorization without claiming to replace it.
University certification, external technical licensing and appointment to a Xaraguayan institutional function shall remain legally distinct acts.
ARTICLE XII — INTEGRATED MOBILITY DOCTRINE
The School shall treat air, sea and land mobility as components of a single territorial-access system.
Its programs shall promote interoperability between pilots, navigators, vehicle operators, logistics personnel, observation units and emergency services, thereby supporting:
a) territorial continuity;
b) access to remote communities;
c) inter-island and coastal circulation;
d) disaster response;
e) institutional logistics;
f) environmental and territorial observation.
ARTICLE XIII — PERMANENT CHARACTER
The institutional existence of the School shall not depend upon the continuous possession of any particular aircraft, vessel, vehicle, campus, simulator, licence agreement or external partnership.
Changes affecting equipment, instructors, service providers or training locations shall not suspend its legal personality, academic competence or founding mandate.
ARTICLE XIV — ENTRY INTO FORCE
This Founding Act enters into force upon promulgation by the Office of the Rector-President.
It shall be registered within the University of Xaragua and deposited in the General Archives of the State as the permanent constitutive instrument of the Xaragua School of Piloting and Navigation.

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
FACULTY OF INDIGENOUS LAW AND POLITICAL SCIENCE
GENERAL ACADEMIC SECRETARIAT
SUPREME ACADEMIC STATUTE ON THE ORGANIZATION, DELIVERY, INTEGRATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNDAMENTAL SUBJECTS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
Institutional Classification: Supreme Academic Statute — Political Science Curriculum Act — Research Methodology Regulation — Constitutional Studies Framework — Comparative Government Standard — Public Administration Instructional Order
Academic Rank: Mandatory, controlling, directly applicable and binding upon every political science program, microprogram, autonomous course, complementary course, articulated pathway and recognized external course administered by the University of Xaragua.
Promulgating Authority: Office of the Rector-President
Academic Authority: University of Xaragua
Responsible Faculty: Faculty of Indigenous Law and Political Science
Official Depositary: General Archives of the State
ARTICLE I — PURPOSE
The University of Xaragua hereby establishes the official instructional framework governing the fundamental subjects of political science. These subjects shall be taught as an integrated science of authority, institutions, territory, law, public administration, collective decision, international action and political continuity.
Instruction shall not be limited to the recitation of authors, definitions or imported theoretical systems. Every subject shall require the student to identify institutions, examine primary sources, compare political orders, evaluate governmental capacity and apply acquired knowledge to concrete territorial and administrative questions.
The constitutional, historical, legal, economic and institutional corpus published by Xaragua shall constitute a principal body of teaching material, documentary investigation and applied political analysis.
ARTICLE II — GENERAL METHOD OF INSTRUCTION
Each subject shall combine, according to its nature:
a) directed study of primary texts;
b) analysis of laws, constitutions, treaties, archives and public records;
c) examination of the Xaraguayan institutional corpus;
d) comparative study of political systems;
e) territorial and historical case studies;
f) quantitative or qualitative investigation;
g) preparation of official memoranda, policy papers and institutional reports;
h) oral defence of findings;
i) practical design of laws, institutions, programs or administrative mechanisms;
j) final demonstration of independent analytical competence.
The student shall not receive academic credit for mere reproduction of course content. Credit shall depend upon the demonstrated capacity to classify political facts, support conclusions with evidence, distinguish doctrine from observation and produce an organized institutional analysis.
ARTICLE III — QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY
Qualitative methodology shall be taught through documentary analysis, archival investigation, structured and semi-structured interviews, oral history, institutional observation, comparative case studies, legal interpretation and examination of political discourse.
Students shall learn to formulate research questions, select participants and documents, establish interview protocols, classify testimony, identify recurring themes, compare conflicting accounts and produce findings traceable to their sources.
The Xaraguayan corpus shall provide cases concerning ancestral territories, autonomous communities, public institutions, political memory, administrative failure, maritime authority, education, infrastructure and relations with the Residual Administrative Unit.
Assessment shall include a research protocol, a documented case study, a source-classification register and a final qualitative report.
ARTICLE IV — QUANTITATIVE METHODOLOGY AND POLITICAL STATISTICS
Quantitative methodology shall be taught as an instrument of governmental measurement and public decision. Instruction shall include descriptive statistics, percentages, distributions, sampling, indicators, correlations, elementary regression, demographic analysis, electoral data, budgetary data and territorial comparison.
Students shall construct and interpret tables, graphs, indexes and datasets relating to population, public finance, elections, education, infrastructure, migration, agriculture, maritime activity and institutional capacity.
The Xaragua Statistics Institute and other authorized repositories may provide or validate data used in instruction. Where data are incomplete, students shall be trained to identify absence, uncertainty, bias and administrative undercounting as politically significant conditions.
Assessment shall include a statistical memorandum, a territorial dataset, an interpretation exercise and a final evidence-based governmental report.
ARTICLE V — EPISTEMOLOGY AND RESEARCH DESIGN
Epistemology shall determine how political knowledge is produced, justified, classified and received. Students shall examine the distinction between fact, interpretation, doctrine, presumption, testimony, official classification and institutional determination.
Instruction shall address positivist, interpretive, comparative, critical, Indigenous and decolonial approaches. Particular attention shall be given to the authority exercised through naming, classification, mapping, archival selection and the imposition of supposedly universal political categories.
Research design shall teach the student to establish a question, define concepts, formulate hypotheses, identify units of analysis, select cases, determine evidence, choose methods, establish limits and organize conclusions.
The public corpus of Xaragua shall operate as a permanent laboratory through which students identify research questions, reconstruct the method underlying published acts and design independent investigations capable of confirming, refining or extending institutional knowledge.
ARTICLE VI — COMPARATIVE POLITICS
Comparative politics shall examine states, Indigenous orders, autonomous communities, federations, confederations, monarchies, republics, unitary systems, parliamentary regimes, presidential regimes, military governments and mixed constitutional structures.
Comparison shall be organized by defined variables, including territorial control, legitimacy, public revenue, administrative continuity, judicial capacity, political participation, security, social delivery and external dependence.
Students shall compare Caribbean, African, American, European, Asian and Indigenous systems without presuming that a single civilizational model constitutes the universal standard of political validity.
Assessment shall require comparative matrices, constitutional profiles and a final study explaining why institutions operating under similar formal rules may produce different results.
ARTICLE VII — INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
International relations shall be taught through the study of power, diplomacy, international law, war, alliances, recognition, international organizations, external representation, trade, migration, maritime jurisdiction and the protection of peoples.
Instruction shall integrate realism, liberal institutionalism, constructivism, dependency theory, critical approaches, Indigenous diplomacy and the international law of self-determination.
Students shall examine diplomatic correspondence, treaties, resolutions, jurisdictional claims, sanctions, peace operations and relations between internationally recognized states and non-Westphalian political orders.
Practical assignments shall include a diplomatic memorandum, note verbale, territorial brief, treaty analysis, international participation strategy and crisis-response exercise.
ARTICLE VIII — PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Public administration shall be taught as the organized execution of lawful authority. Instruction shall cover ministerial structures, delegation, public offices, budgeting, records, procurement, inspection, territorial services, administrative continuity and accountability.
Students shall distinguish constitutional authority, political direction, regulatory power and technical implementation. They shall study the division of functions between Xaraguayan institutions, autonomous communities, contracted entities and the Residual Administrative Unit.
Assessment shall include the construction of an organigram, administrative procedure, implementation directive, reporting mechanism and institutional continuity plan.
ARTICLE IX — PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSIS
Public policy analysis shall teach students to identify public problems, determine affected populations, evaluate evidence, compare policy instruments, estimate costs, define implementation responsibilities and measure results.
The policy cycle shall include agenda formation, formulation, authorization, execution, monitoring, evaluation, amendment and termination.
Students shall apply this method to energy, transportation, education, maritime economy, agriculture, food reserves, environmental protection, cultural administration, literacy, territorial development and community services.
Each student shall prepare a complete policy dossier containing a diagnosis, legal basis, responsible authorities, implementation schedule, performance indicators and evaluation framework.
ARTICLE X — POLITICAL ECONOMY
Political economy shall examine the relationship between authority, production, land, labour, finance, taxation, credit, trade, infrastructure and distribution.
Instruction shall include classical political economy, capitalism, socialism, social economy, dependency, development, extractive systems, informal markets and Indigenous economic organization.
Xaraguayan economic doctrine shall serve as an applied field of study through its policies on decentralized energy, maritime production, artisanal industry, mountain agriculture, food security, territorial revenue and community commercial priority.
Assessment shall require sectoral analysis, institutional cost evaluation, economic sovereignty study and preparation of a territorial development instrument.
ARTICLE XI — CONSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Constitutional institutions shall be taught through direct examination of constitutions, organic laws, jurisdictional instruments, systems of office, legislative structures, courts, executive authority and territorial administration.
Students shall analyze constituent authority, hierarchy of norms, separation and coordination of powers, emergency authority, succession, amendment, judicial review and relations between political orders.
The constitutional corpus of Xaragua shall constitute a primary applied source. Students shall be required to identify the competence, legal basis, limits and institutional relationship of each organ studied.
Assessment shall include constitutional commentary, jurisdictional classification, institutional map and drafting of an organic act.
ARTICLE XII — ELECTORAL BEHAVIOUR, POLITICAL PARTIES AND ELECTORAL SYSTEMS
Instruction shall cover suffrage, representation, political parties, campaigning, political finance, electoral geography, public opinion, voter participation, clientelism, proportional representation, plurality systems, presidential elections and parliamentary elections.
Students shall analyze how electoral rules distribute power and how social class, territory, identity, media, patronage and institutional confidence influence political behaviour.
The course shall distinguish formal electoral competition from effective political representation and shall examine systems operating under institutional weakness, armed coercion, administrative capture or territorial discontinuity.
Assessment shall include electoral-system design, constituency analysis, voting-data interpretation and institutional integrity report.
ARTICLE XIII — REGIONAL POLITICAL SYSTEMS
Caribbean, Latin American, African, European and North American politics shall be taught through separate regional modules integrated by common comparative standards.
Each module shall examine constitutional history, territorial formation, colonial inheritance, political parties, civil-military relations, economic structures, regional organizations, external intervention and contemporary governmental capacity.
Caribbean instruction shall receive primary territorial importance and shall include Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Jamaica, the Lesser Antilles, the Guianas and regional institutions.
Students shall produce regional political profiles and a final comparative assessment linking local institutions to broader hemispheric and international systems.
ARTICLE XIV — ROMAN, MEDIEVAL, MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL THOUGHT
Political thought shall be taught chronologically and comparatively from Greek foundations through Roman public law, medieval political theology, modern theories of sovereignty and contemporary theories of state, justice, power and decolonization.
Authors shall be studied through their principal texts and exact institutional contributions. No author shall be taught merely for biographical recognition or intellectual prestige.
Students shall identify the historical conditions under which each doctrine emerged, the political institutions it justified or opposed, and its limits when applied outside its original civilization.
The Greek canon, Catholic intellectual tradition, Indigenous political thought, African political systems and Caribbean historical experience shall be maintained as distinct but comparable bodies of authority.
ARTICLE XV — COLONIALISM, INDIGENOUS LAW AND DECOLONIZATION
This field shall examine conquest, enslavement, dispossession, racial classification, imposed jurisdiction, cultural destruction, extraction, assimilation and resistance.
Instruction shall include Indigenous legal orders, ancestral title, self-determination, autonomy, customary authority, restitution, territorial protection and international Indigenous rights.
The historical and constitutional corpus of Xaragua shall constitute a principal case of applied study. Students shall analyze how documentary research, law, territorial memory and institutional construction may restore the legal visibility of a people obscured by colonial and republican classifications.
Assessment shall include an archival dossier, legal memorandum, territorial history and institutional decolonization plan.
ARTICLE XVI — DIRECTED STUDY, TERMINAL SEMINAR AND FINAL RESEARCH WORK
Every advanced political science pathway shall conclude with a directed study, terminal seminar, institutional project or research dissertation.
The student shall select a defined political problem and demonstrate competence in research design, source evaluation, theoretical analysis, comparison, evidence, legal classification and formal presentation.
Permissible final works include:
a) dissertation;
b) constitutional act;
c) public policy dossier;
d) comparative institutional study;
e) territorial governance plan;
f) diplomatic strategy;
g) administrative code;
h) documented historical-constitutional report.
No final work shall be approved unless it contains a clear question, an identified method, verifiable sources, organized findings and an independent institutional contribution.
ARTICLE XVII — MODES OF ACADEMIC DELIVERY
Instruction may be delivered:
a) directly by the University of Xaragua;
b) jointly by two or more faculties or schools;
c) externally under academic agreement;
d) by contracted specialists;
e) through recognized coursework completed at another institution;
f) through articulated instruction combining autonomous courses, supervised research and institutional practice.
Quantitative statistics, specialized software, advanced economics and other technical components may be delivered by qualified external or contracted instructors while remaining subject to the academic requirements of Xaragua.
ARTICLE XVIII — USE OF THE XARAGUAYAN PUBLIC CORPUS
The website and public archives of Xaragua shall constitute an official instructional environment. Their laws, historical dossiers, policies, institutional classifications, territorial instruments and academic programs may be assigned as primary sources.
Students shall not merely summarize those materials. They shall reconstruct their evidence, identify their concepts, compare their provisions, test their institutional coherence and produce applications arising from them.
The corpus shall therefore serve simultaneously as:
a) a library of primary institutional texts;
b) a laboratory of political concepts;
c) a collection of comparative cases;
d) a record of constitutional development;
e) a foundation for independent student research;
f) an instrument of public and territorial education.
ARTICLE XIX — ASSESSMENT AND ACADEMIC COMPETENCE
Assessment may include examinations, oral defences, research papers, datasets, policy memoranda, legal drafting, institutional simulations, territorial studies and supervised fieldwork.
Grades shall measure:
a) conceptual accuracy;
b) command of sources;
c) methodological discipline;
d) comparative capacity;
e) institutional reasoning;
f) quality of evidence;
g) clarity of drafting;
h) capacity for independent judgment;
i) practical applicability;
j) respect for academic integrity.
No student shall complete the political science program solely through passive attendance or memorization.
ARTICLE XX — FINAL DETERMINATION
The political science curriculum of the University of Xaragua shall form analysts, researchers, public officials, institutional designers and territorial leaders capable of understanding power and converting knowledge into organized public capacity.
The program shall unite theory and practice, history and administration, evidence and authority, comparative knowledge and Indigenous constitutional thought.
Political science shall therefore be taught not as the passive description of governments created elsewhere, but as the disciplined science through which a people studies authority, protects its territory, evaluates institutions and constructs the permanent instruments of its own public order.

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA

OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT

SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA

FACULTY OF INDIGENOUS LAW AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

GENERAL ACADEMIC SECRETARIAT

FUNDAMENTAL FIELDS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

OFFICIAL STUDENT INSTRUCTIONAL CORPUS

Academic Classification: Foundational Political Science Instruction — Comparative Government — International Relations — Public Administration — Public Policy — Political Economy — Constitutional Institutions — Electoral Studies — Regional Political Systems — Political Thought — Indigenous Law — Terminal Research

Academic Status: Compulsory instructional material applicable to the Political Science Major, Bachelor of Political Science, Indigenous Law and Political Science programs, related microprograms, autonomous courses and articulated academic pathways.

Competent Academic Authority: University of Xaragua

Primary Institutional Laboratory: Sovereign Catholic Indigenous and Private State of Xaragua

Official Documentary Corpus: Constitutional acts, laws, codes, policies, historical dossiers, territorial instruments, diplomatic documents, institutional records and academic publications issued or received under the authority of Xaragua.

PAGE IV — COMPARATIVE POLITICS

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

Comparative politics is the systematic study of political orders through controlled comparison. It examines why institutions bearing similar names produce different results and why different constitutional forms may perform equivalent governmental functions.

The field shall not presume that every political order must reproduce the institutions of a centralized Westphalian republic. States, Indigenous nations, autonomous communities, federations, confederations, monarchies, republics, customary authorities, municipalities and non-Westphalian constitutional orders shall be examined according to their actual foundations, competences and institutional capacities.

II. FUNDAMENTAL OBJECTS OF COMPARISON

Students shall examine:

a) constituent authority and constitutional origin;

b) territorial jurisdiction and effective control;

c) executive, legislative and judicial organization;

d) citizenship and political membership;

e) decentralization and community autonomy;

f) revenue, administration and public services;

g) civil-military relations;

h) political parties and representation;

i) institutional legitimacy and continuity;

j) relations with external states and organizations.

Formal similarity shall never be treated as proof of functional equivalence. Two constitutions may establish the same office while providing radically different levels of territorial authority, administrative capacity and public accountability.

III. METHODS OF COMPARISON

Students shall use case comparison, institutional comparison, historical comparison and regional comparison. Each study shall identify the variable being compared and the reason the selected cases are analytically relevant.

Comparison may examine political orders that are similar in structure but different in outcome, or different in structure but confronted with the same public problem.

IV. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA

Xaragua shall be compared with:

a) the Republic of Haiti as Residual Administrative Unit;

b) the Dominican Republic;

c) Indigenous governments exercising territorial autonomy;

d) non-sovereign jurisdictions possessing extensive internal powers;

e) states operating through federal or asymmetric constitutional arrangements;

f) political orders participating internationally without complete Westphalian recognition.

Students shall examine the Xaraguayan distinction between sovereignty and independence, constitutional authority and technical administration, Indigenous jurisdiction and residual civil services.

V. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

The student shall prepare a comparative constitutional dossier involving Xaragua and at least two additional political orders. The dossier shall identify origin, institutions, jurisdiction, representation, revenue, public services and external capacity.

Credit shall depend upon conceptual precision, appropriate case selection, evidence and the capacity to explain institutional difference without imposing a single universal model.

PAGE V — INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

International relations studies the organization and exercise of power beyond a single political order. It includes diplomacy, war, peace, alliances, international organizations, trade, migration, recognition, maritime jurisdiction, transnational institutions and relations among peoples.

International politics does not operate exclusively through formal equality. It is structured by unequal military, economic, demographic, diplomatic and institutional capacities.

II. PRINCIPAL THEORETICAL APPROACHES

Realism examines power, security, strategic interest and survival.

Liberal institutionalism examines cooperation, treaties, international organizations and the regulation of interdependence.

Constructivism examines identity, norms, language and the formation of international legitimacy.

Dependency and world-systems approaches examine unequal economic structures, centres, peripheries and external control.

Indigenous international relations examines relations among peoples whose diplomatic existence predates or exceeds the modern interstate system.

III. INTERNATIONAL LEGAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY

Students shall distinguish:

a) political existence;

b) constitutional authority;

c) international legal personality;

d) diplomatic recognition;

e) treaty capacity;

f) participation in international institutions;

g) observer, consultative and associate status;

h) functional cooperation;

i) external representation;

j) formal membership in intergovernmental organizations.

Recognition shall be studied as one institution of international relations, not as the exclusive source of political existence.

IV. DIPLOMACY AND OFFICIAL COMMUNICATION

Students shall learn the structure and purpose of:

a) diplomatic letters;

b) notes verbales;

c) official notifications;

d) treaty proposals;

e) jurisdictional reservations;

f) requests for consultation;

g) international reports;

h) statements of position;

i) communiqués;

j) memoranda submitted to international bodies.

Every diplomatic instrument shall identify the authority issuing it, its addressee, purpose, legal basis and requested institutional consequence.

V. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA

Students shall examine Xaragua’s international notifications, Indigenous foreign policy, non-Westphalian participation doctrine, relations with Catholic institutions, diaspora protection, maritime interests and relations with the Residual Administrative Unit.

The student shall determine which external objectives require recognition, which require only notification, which may be pursued through Indigenous international mechanisms and which may be executed through technical agreements.

VI. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

Each student shall prepare:

a) one diplomatic memorandum;

b) one note verbale;

c) one international participation strategy;

d) one analysis of a treaty, declaration or international mechanism.

The final assessment shall require a complete foreign-policy dossier concerning a defined Xaraguayan interest.

PAGE VI — PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

Public administration is the permanent institutional machinery through which lawful authority is converted into organized action. It includes ministries, departments, agencies, archives, registers, budgets, procedures, inspections, public personnel and territorial services.

Political authority without administration remains declaratory. Administration gives continuity, memory, execution and measurable effect to constitutional decisions.

II. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

Public administration shall be governed by:

a) legality;

b) defined competence;

c) continuity;

d) hierarchy;

e) delegation;

f) documentary traceability;

g) territorial accessibility;

h) accountability;

i) institutional economy;

j) preservation of public records.

No authority shall exercise a competence that has not been constitutionally, legally or administratively assigned to it.

III. ORGANIZATION OF PUBLIC AUTHORITY

Students shall distinguish:

a) constitutional organs;

b) ministries;

c) specialized authorities;

d) regulatory bodies;

e) territorial administrations;

f) autonomous communities;

g) contracted service providers;

h) advisory institutions;

i) academic authorities;

j) residual technical administrations.

They shall examine appointment, mandate, delegation, reporting, removal, succession and continuity of office.

IV. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA

The institutional structure of Xaragua shall provide the principal administrative case study. Students shall examine the Office of the Rector-President, the ministries, the High Rectoral Council, the General Archives of the State, sectoral authorities, the University of Xaragua and autonomous communities.

The relationship with the Residual Administrative Unit shall be studied as a functional interface in which certain civil, documentary, infrastructural or technical services may continue without transferring Xaraguayan constitutional authority.

V. ADMINISTRATIVE PRODUCTION

Students shall learn to prepare:

a) administrative directives;

b) implementation orders;

c) registers;

d) official reports;

e) procedural manuals;

f) organigrams;

g) inspection instruments;

h) delegations of competence;

i) continuity plans;

j) interinstitutional protocols.

VI. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

The student shall select one Xaraguayan ministry or authority and produce a complete administrative organization plan stating its legal foundation, mandate, offices, procedures, reporting obligations and territorial execution mechanisms.

PAGE VII — PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSIS

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

Public policy is an authorized course of action adopted to address a defined public condition. Policy analysis determines whether a problem has been correctly identified, whether the selected instruments are appropriate and whether the responsible institutions possess the capacity to implement them.

A declaration of intention is not a complete public policy. A valid policy must identify authority, beneficiaries, territory, resources, instruments, schedule, implementation responsibility and measurable results.

II. THE PUBLIC POLICY CYCLE

Students shall study:

a) identification of the public condition;

b) inclusion upon the governmental agenda;

c) collection of evidence;

d) formulation of alternatives;

e) legal authorization;

f) allocation of responsibilities;

g) implementation;

h) monitoring;

i) evaluation;

j) amendment, continuation or termination.

III. POLICY INSTRUMENTS

Government may act through legislation, regulation, taxation, public expenditure, licensing, institutional creation, contracting, education, information, territorial planning, direct service delivery or recognition of community authority.

The instrument selected must correspond to the problem and to the actual capacity of the implementing institution.

IV. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA

Students shall use Xaraguayan policies concerning:

a) decentralized energy;

b) fisheries and marine food;

c) strategic grain reserves;

d) mountain agriculture and irrigation;

e) maritime transportation;

f) road administration;

g) literacy;

h) cultural priority;

i) tourism and territorial recreation;

j) autonomous community administration.

Each policy shall be examined according to its legal basis, objectives, responsible authorities, territorial scale, resources and evaluation criteria.

V. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

Each student shall prepare a State Policy Dossier containing:

definition of the problem;

affected population and territory;

evidence;

legal authority;

policy alternatives;

selected instrument;

implementation structure;

estimated requirements;

performance indicators;

review mechanism.

PAGE VIII — POLITICAL ECONOMY

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

Political economy examines how authority organizes production, ownership, labour, exchange, finance, taxation, infrastructure and distribution. It studies both how economic power affects government and how government determines the conditions of economic life.

Economic activity shall not be examined independently of territory, law, public authority and collective survival.

II. FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS

Students shall examine:

a) who owns productive resources;

b) who controls land, credit and infrastructure;

c) how labour is organized;

d) how public revenue is collected;

e) how wealth is distributed;

f) how external dependency is created;

g) which sectors are essential to territorial survival;

h) how communities retain economic value;

i) how markets are regulated;

j) how economic systems reproduce political power.

III. PRINCIPAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

Instruction shall examine mercantilism, capitalism, socialism, social economy, cooperative organization, dependency, subsistence systems, informal markets, Indigenous economic systems and mixed economies.

No model shall be treated as universally applicable without examination of geography, population, resources, culture and institutional capacity.

IV. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA

The political economy of Xaragua shall be studied through:

a) decentralized household and community energy;

b) artisanal and small-scale production;

c) agriculture adapted to mountainous territories;

d) fisheries and maritime food security;

e) strategic reserves;

f) community commercial priority;

g) sovereign credit instruments;

h) territorial retention of revenue;

i) logistics and trade;

j) limits placed upon extractive development.

The student shall examine the distinction between economic expansion and economic sovereignty. Growth that removes territorial wealth, increases dependency or destroys community capacity shall not automatically be classified as development.

V. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

Students shall produce a Territorial Political Economy Report identifying resources, productive sectors, infrastructure, dependency, public authority and a proposed endogenous development mechanism for a selected Xaraguayan territory.

PAGE IX — CONSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONS

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

Constitutional institutions are the permanent organs through which a political order establishes authority, jurisdiction, public offices, law, rights and succession.

A constitution is not limited to a written document. It includes foundational principles, institutions, customary rules, jurisdictional arrangements and authoritative practices determining how the political order is governed.

II. CONSTITUENT AUTHORITY

Constituent authority is the authority to establish or preserve the constitutional order. Students shall distinguish original constituent authority from powers created by the constitution.

An institution constituted by law cannot claim superiority over the constituent authority from which its competence derives.

III. PRINCIPAL CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTIONS

Students shall examine:

a) source of constitutional authority;

b) hierarchy of norms;

c) distribution of competences;

d) executive authority;

e) legislative authority;

f) judicial authority;

g) territorial administration;

h) rights and obligations;

i) amendment;

j) succession and institutional continuity.

IV. CONSTITUTIONAL FORMS

Instruction shall cover presidential, parliamentary, monarchical, federal, confederal, unitary, autonomous, Indigenous and mixed constitutional orders.

The analysis shall focus upon actual institutional operation rather than formal names alone.

V. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA

Students shall examine:

a) the supreme constitutional authority of the Rector-President;

b) the High Rectoral Council;

c) the judicial order;

d) the ministries and specialized authorities;

e) autonomous communities;

f) the University of Xaragua as Supreme Academic Institution;

g) the General Archives of the State;

h) the RAU interface;

i) territorial and maritime jurisdiction;

j) the reception or rejection of external norms.

The Xaraguayan doctrine of original Indigenous constituent authority shall be studied as the constitutional basis upon which the legal order determines its institutions and external relations.

VI. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

Students shall prepare a constitutional commentary and draft one organic institutional act establishing an authority, defining its competence, regulating its relations and providing for accountability and continuity.

PAGE X — ELECTORAL BEHAVIOUR, POLITICAL PARTIES AND ELECTORAL SYSTEMS

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

Electoral studies examine the procedures, organizations and social conditions through which political preferences are converted into offices and public authority.

An election shall not be considered independently of territorial security, administrative capacity, political finance, media access, voter registration and effective freedom of participation.

II. ELECTORAL SYSTEMS

Students shall examine:

a) plurality systems;

b) majority systems;

c) proportional representation;

d) mixed systems;

e) single-member and multi-member districts;

f) direct and indirect elections;

g) ranked voting;

h) thresholds;

i) run-off elections;

j) mechanisms of recall and vacancy.

Every electoral system produces political consequences. It determines the relationship between votes, seats, territory, parties and governing authority.

III. POLITICAL PARTIES

Political parties recruit candidates, organize political competition, aggregate interests and seek governmental control. Students shall examine party ideology, membership, finance, internal organization, territorial implantation and relations with economic or armed power.

A legally registered party shall not automatically be considered institutionally representative. Representation depends upon membership, participation, territorial presence and accountability.

IV. ELECTORAL BEHAVIOUR

Students shall examine how class, territory, religion, language, ethnicity, political memory, media, leadership, patronage, coercion and institutional confidence affect voting and abstention.

Electoral results shall be analyzed quantitatively and territorially.

V. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA AND THE RAU

The student shall distinguish the internal political institutions of Xaragua from electoral procedures administered by the Residual Administrative Unit.

The RAU electoral system shall be examined in relation to institutional continuity, territorial security, administrative reach, public confidence, party organization and the effective capacity of elected authorities.

VI. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

Students shall design an electoral system for a defined representative body. They must justify constituency rules, voter qualification, method of election, safeguards, vacancies, disputes and territorial representation.

PAGE XI — REGIONAL POLITICAL SYSTEMS

I. PURPOSE

Regional political systems shall be taught to establish how geography, history, colonial inheritance, economic structure and international position shape governmental institutions.

The course shall not present regions as homogeneous blocks. Every regional module shall identify internal differences, subregional organizations and distinct constitutional experiences.

II. THE CARIBBEAN

The Caribbean module shall receive primary academic priority. Students shall examine Indigenous political orders, European conquest, slavery, plantation systems, emancipation, colonial administration, revolution, independence, migration, tourism, maritime jurisdiction and external dependency.

Particular attention shall be given to Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, the Bahamas, the Lesser Antilles, the Guianas and regional organizations.

Xaragua shall be located within the political history of Ayiti–Quisqueya and the broader Caribbean maritime space.

III. LATIN AMERICA

Students shall examine presidentialism, constitutional instability, civil-military relations, land concentration, Indigenous movements, regional integration, extractive economies, political parties and social mobilization.

Central America, South America and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean shall be studied through distinct cases.

IV. AFRICA

The African module shall examine precolonial political orders, colonial boundaries, independence, one-party systems, military government, federalism, customary authority, regional organizations, natural resources and continental integration.

Students shall study the continued interaction between state institutions, Indigenous authority, ethnicity, territory and externally imposed boundaries.

V. EUROPE

The European module shall examine the historical state system, monarchy, parliamentary government, nationalism, colonial expansion, the welfare state, European integration and contemporary sovereignty disputes.

European institutions shall be studied as regional products of specific historical conditions, not as the automatic constitutional destination of all peoples.

VI. NORTH AMERICA

The North American module shall examine federalism, constitutional courts, territorial divisions, Indigenous-state relations, presidential and parliamentary systems, public administration, migration and continental economic integration.

Canada, Quebec, the United States and Mexico shall receive differentiated treatment.

VII. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

Students shall prepare five regional institutional profiles and one comparative report concerning a common issue such as federalism, Indigenous jurisdiction, political parties, public administration or external dependency.

PAGE XII — ROMAN, MEDIEVAL, MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL THOUGHT

I. PURPOSE

Political thought shall be studied as a historical record of arguments concerning authority, justice, law, government, property, citizenship, war and collective order.

Authors shall be examined through their primary texts and institutional consequences. No student shall receive credit for memorizing names without demonstrating knowledge of the political problem addressed by each author.

II. ROMAN POLITICAL THOUGHT

The Roman corpus shall include Cicero, Seneca, Livy, Tacitus, Polybius within the Roman constitutional context, Marcus Aurelius, Gaius and Justinian legal sources.

Students shall examine republican government, mixed constitution, citizenship, natural law, civic duty, imperial administration, codification and the transformation of republican authority into centralized rule.

III. MEDIEVAL POLITICAL THOUGHT

The medieval corpus shall include Saint Augustine, Saint Thomas Aquinas, John of Salisbury, Gratian, Marsilius of Padua, Dante and selected canon-law sources.

Students shall examine divine and temporal authority, natural law, kingship, tyranny, resistance, Church-State relations, corporate institutions and the legal personality of communities.

IV. MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT

The modern corpus shall include Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Burke, Kant, Hegel, Tocqueville, Marx and John Stuart Mill.

Students shall examine sovereignty, consent, social contract, separation of powers, revolution, representation, liberty, property, class, nationalism and the modern administrative state.

V. CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL THOUGHT

The contemporary corpus shall include Max Weber, Hannah Arendt, Antonio Gramsci, Carl Schmitt, Frantz Fanon, W. E. B. Du Bois, Aimé Césaire, Michel Foucault, John Rawls, Charles Taylor and principal Indigenous and decolonial thinkers.

Students shall examine bureaucracy, legitimacy, violence, colonialism, race, hegemony, biopolitics, justice, recognition, identity, self-determination and institutional power.

VI. XARAGUAYAN METHOD OF RECEPTION

No external author shall possess automatic doctrinal authority within Xaragua. Each text shall be received according to its analytical value, historical context and compatibility with the Indigenous Catholic constitutional order.

Students shall compare imported theories with Caribbean history, Indigenous law and Xaraguayan institutional experience.

VII. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

The student shall prepare comparative doctrinal commentaries and a final essay examining one political concept across at least four historical periods and applying it to a Xaraguayan institutional question.

PAGE XIII — COLONIALISM, INDIGENOUS LAW AND DECOLONIZATION

I. NATURE OF THE FIELD

This field examines the legal, political, territorial, economic and intellectual systems through which external powers conquered peoples, displaced populations, appropriated land, suppressed institutions and imposed foreign classifications.

Decolonization shall be studied as the restoration of political agency, territorial memory, legal visibility, cultural authority and institutional capacity.

II. COLONIAL SYSTEMS

Students shall examine:

a) conquest;

b) forced displacement;

c) slavery and coerced labour;

d) territorial seizure;

e) missionary and administrative classification;

f) plantation economies;

g) imposed borders;

h) assimilation;

i) destruction of languages and institutions;

j) control of historical records.

Colonial power operated through documents, maps, schools, churches, property systems and legal categories as well as through military force.

III. INDIGENOUS LAW

Indigenous law includes norms, institutions, authorities and territorial relationships originating within Indigenous peoples.

Students shall examine:

a) ancestral title;

b) self-identification;

c) customary authority;

d) communal jurisdiction;

e) territorial continuity;

f) autonomous institutions;

g) cultural and spiritual obligations;

h) protection of resources;

i) relations among communities;

j) interaction with external legal orders.

IV. INTERNATIONAL INDIGENOUS RIGHTS

Instruction shall include the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, relevant provisions of international human-rights law and comparative Indigenous jurisprudence.

Students shall examine self-determination, autonomy, participation, consultation, education, culture, institutions, lands, resources and remedies.

V. APPLICATION TO XARAGUA

The Xaraguayan corpus shall provide cases concerning:

a) the historical Chiefdom of Xaragua;

b) Yaguana and the authority of Anacaona and Bohechío;

c) Indigenous and Maroon continuity in the Bahoruco region;

d) forced movement of Indigenous peoples throughout the Caribbean;

e) ancestral territories of the Grand South, La Gonâve and the littoral;

f) constitutional restoration through Indigenous constituent authority;

g) autonomous communities;

h) Indigenous education through the University of Xaragua;

i) rejection of exclusive Westphalian classification;

j) territorial and cultural continuity.

VI. DECOLONIZATION AS INSTITUTIONAL ACTION

Students shall understand that decolonization is not limited to criticism of colonial history. It includes the creation of institutions, curricula, archives, laws, territorial registers, economic policies and systems of representation capable of sustaining the people concerned.

VII. STUDENT EXERCISE AND ASSESSMENT

The student shall prepare an Indigenous Territorial and Institutional Dossier containing historical evidence, legal foundations, community continuity, institutional consequences and a proposed mechanism of protection or restoration.

PAGE XIV — DIRECTED STUDY, TERMINAL SEMINAR AND FINAL RESEARCH WORK

I. PURPOSE

The terminal academic requirement shall demonstrate that the student can independently combine political theory, methodology, evidence and institutional application.

The final work shall not be limited to a general essay. It must produce an identifiable contribution to political knowledge, institutional design, territorial administration or public policy.

II. AUTHORIZED FORMS

The final requirement may take the form of:

a) a research dissertation;

b) a constitutional or organic act with explanatory memorandum;

c) a public policy dossier;

d) a comparative political study;

e) a diplomatic strategy;

f) a territorial administration plan;

g) an electoral-system design;

h) a political economy program;

i) an Indigenous legal dossier;

j) an institutional archive and analytical report.

III. DIRECTED STUDY

The student shall work under authorized academic supervision. A research agreement shall identify the subject, question, method, sources, schedule, expected product and evaluation criteria.

Supervision shall guide the research without replacing the independent work of the student.

IV. TERMINAL SEMINAR

The terminal seminar shall require students to present research before an academic body, respond to questions, defend methodological choices and revise conclusions where necessary.

Students shall learn to distinguish legitimate criticism, evidentiary contradiction, methodological limitation and mere disagreement.

V. REQUIRED STRUCTURE OF THE FINAL WORK

Every final work shall contain:

official title;

statement of purpose;

research question;

institutional significance;

conceptual framework;

review of sources;

methodology;

evidence;

analysis;

findings;

limitations;

conclusions;

institutional recommendations where applicable;

complete documentary references.

VI. XARAGUAYAN AREAS OF RESEARCH

Authorized fields include:

a) constitutional authority;

b) autonomous communities;

c) public administration;

d) maritime jurisdiction;

e) Indigenous law;

f) territorial history;

g) energy policy;

h) agriculture and food security;

i) political economy;

j) regional political systems;

k) diplomacy and international participation;

l) education and academic sovereignty;

m) transport and infrastructure;

n) comparative constitutional government.

VII. DEFENCE AND DEPOSIT

The final work shall be submitted to the competent academic authority and defended where required. Approved works may be deposited in the University archives, incorporated into an institutional research series or used to support subsequent public policy and academic instruction.

Approval shall certify that the student has demonstrated independent competence in political inquiry and institutional reasoning.

FINAL ACADEMIC DETERMINATION

Together with qualitative methodology, quantitative methodology, political statistics, epistemology, research design and the official Greek political corpus, these instructional pages establish the complete foundational disciplinary architecture of political science at the University of Xaragua.

The program shall cover:

a) research methods;

b) political theory;

c) comparative politics;

d) international relations;

e) public administration;

f) public policy;

g) political economy;

h) constitutional institutions;

i) electoral systems;

j) regional political orders;

k) colonialism and Indigenous law;

l) independent terminal research.

The laws, policies, institutions, territories and historical dossiers of Xaragua shall provide the principal system of applied cases. External political orders shall be examined comparatively, while Xaragua shall function as the permanent institutional laboratory in which the student applies political science to a living constitutional corpus.

The graduate shall be required to demonstrate the capacity to investigate political facts, evaluate evidence, interpret institutions, compare systems, measure public conditions, draft official instruments and convert knowledge into organized public capacity.

Political science at the University of Xaragua shall not be reduced to the passive study of governments established by others. It shall be administered as the sovereign academic discipline through which the Xaraguayan people document their political existence, understand external systems, govern their institutional development and prepare the permanent intellectual personnel of their public order.

SOVEREIGN CATHOLIC INDIGENOUS AND PRIVATE STATE OF XARAGUA
OFFICE OF THE RECTOR-PRESIDENT
SUPREME CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY
UNIVERSITY OF XARAGUA
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF THE STATE
FOUNDING ACT OF THE XARAGUA SCHOOL OF METEOROLOGY, SEISMOLOGY AND CYCLONIC SURVEILLANCE
Institutional Classification: Constitutive Academic Instrument — Atmospheric and Geophysical Sciences Institution — Seismic and Cyclonic Surveillance Authority — Territorial Hazard Observation Framework
Founding Authority: Office of the Rector-President
Supervising Institution: University of Xaragua
Status: Permanent Scientific and Academic Institution of the State
PREAMBLE
By authority of the Sovereign Catholic Indigenous and Private State of Xaragua and within the academic order of the University of Xaragua;
Considering the maritime, mountainous, coastal, insular and tectonically active character of the territories associated with Xaragua;
Recognizing the recurrent exposure of the western regions of Hispaniola and their surrounding maritime domain to tropical cyclones, earthquakes, coastal surges, landslides, flooding, atmospheric instability and related natural hazards;
Determining that the systematic observation of atmospheric and geophysical phenomena constitutes an essential requirement of territorial knowledge, institutional preparedness and public security;
Affirming that the scientific capacity of Xaragua may be exercised through direct instruction, accredited external expertise, delegated technical operations, institutional cooperation and access to shared observation infrastructure;
The following Founding Act is hereby promulgated.
ARTICLE I — FOUNDATION
The Xaragua School of Meteorology, Seismology and Cyclonic Surveillance is hereby founded and permanently constituted as the specialized academic and scientific institution responsible for atmospheric observation, geophysical analysis, seismic surveillance, cyclonic monitoring and natural-hazard studies within the University of Xaragua.
The School shall operate under the academic authority of the University and the supreme institutional supervision of the Office of the Rector-President.
ARTICLE II — TERRITORIAL NECESSITY
The School is established in response to the structural vulnerability of a territory simultaneously exposed to:
a) Atlantic and Caribbean tropical systems;
b) hurricanes, tropical storms and extreme rainfall;
c) earthquakes and tectonic displacement;
d) coastal surges, marine flooding and abnormal wave activity;
e) landslides, soil instability and mountain-water interaction;
f) drought, heat variation and irregular climatic cycles;
g) the combined effects of seismic, atmospheric and maritime hazards.
The absence of continuous and territorially adapted scientific observation shall be treated as an institutional deficiency requiring permanent academic and technical correction.
ARTICLE III — SCIENTIFIC COMPETENCE
The School shall exercise academic and scientific competence in:
a) meteorology and atmospheric dynamics;
b) tropical climatology and cyclonic systems;
c) seismology and tectonic structures;
d) seismic-wave observation and earthquake classification;
e) coastal and maritime weather;
f) ocean–atmosphere interaction;
g) hydrometeorology, rainfall and flood conditions;
h) geophysical hazards and ground instability;
i) environmental data analysis and territorial risk modelling;
j) multi-hazard surveillance and scientific documentation.
ARTICLE IV — SEISMIC SURVEILLANCE
The School shall establish and coordinate a permanent framework for the observation, analysis and documentation of seismic phenomena affecting Xaragua and the surrounding region.
Its seismic mandate shall include:
a) monitoring recorded ground motion and seismic events;
b) identifying the location, depth, magnitude and recurrence of earthquakes;
c) studying active faults and regional tectonic structures;
d) maintaining historical and contemporary seismic records;
e) supporting seismic-risk mapping for coastal, insular, mountainous and urban zones;
f) examining the possible relationship between submarine earthquakes, coastal displacement and tsunami risk;
g) training personnel in the installation, operation and interpretation of seismographs, accelerometers and related sensors;
h) communicating verified seismic information to the competent Xaraguayan authorities.
ARTICLE V — CYCLONIC AND METEOROLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE
The School shall maintain scientific observation of atmospheric systems capable of affecting Xaraguayan territory and its maritime approaches.
This function shall include:
a) monitoring tropical depressions, storms and hurricanes;
b) analysing trajectory, intensity, rainfall and wind conditions;
c) observing atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and precipitation;
d) assessing storm-surge and coastal-flooding conditions;
e) producing territorial impact analyses;
f) developing meteorological and cyclonic archives;
g) supporting institutional preparedness through scientific bulletins and technical assessments;
h) studying long-term climatic variation and changes in oceanic temperature affecting cyclone formation and intensification.
ARTICLE VI — ACADEMIC MANDATE
The School is authorized to establish courses, microprograms, certificates and articulated academic pathways in meteorology, climatology, seismology, geophysics, cyclonic surveillance and territorial-hazard observation.
It shall provide directly the compulsory Xaraguayan components relating to:
a) territorial orientation and institutional methodology;
b) the climatic and tectonic geography of Xaragua;
c) the history of earthquakes, cyclones and coastal disasters affecting the territory;
d) Xaraguayan doctrines of territorial surveillance and community preparedness;
e) Indigenous environmental knowledge and the interpretation of natural conditions;
f) the administrative use of atmospheric and geophysical information.
ARTICLE VII — DELEGATED SCIENTIFIC CAPACITY
The foundation of the School shall not be construed as a declaration that Xaragua or the University directly possesses every radar installation, satellite system, seismic station, supercomputer, laboratory, observation aircraft or specialized instrument necessary to perform its mandate.
The School may exercise its functions through:
a) accreditation of competent universities, meteorological institutes, seismic centres, laboratories and observatories;
b) recognition of external courses and technical programs;
c) accreditation of external professors, meteorologists, seismologists, geophysicists, engineers and technical instructors;
d) delegation of specialized instruction, data processing, equipment operation and field observation;
e) contractual or cooperative access to radar, satellite, seismic and maritime-observation systems;
f) commissioned studies and scientific services;
g) participation in regional and international information networks.
The University of Xaragua shall retain exclusive authority over academic orientation, accreditation, equivalency, assessment, certification and the incorporation of external instruction into Xaraguayan qualifications.
ARTICLE VIII — OBSERVATION NETWORK
The School may establish, operate, commission or coordinate a distributed observation network consisting of:
a) meteorological stations;
b) rainfall and river-level gauges;
c) coastal weather stations;
d) seismographs and accelerometric sensors;
e) ground-movement and landslide observation points;
f) maritime observation platforms;
g) digital data-reception and analysis systems;
h) community reporting stations operating under scientific protocols.
Such infrastructure may be owned directly, shared, leased, contracted or operated by duly accredited external institutions.
ARTICLE IX — DATA AND INSTITUTIONAL ARCHIVES
Atmospheric, seismic, climatic and geophysical information produced or commissioned under the authority of the School shall constitute scientific material of institutional interest.
The School shall maintain:
a) a Meteorological Register;
b) a Cyclonic Surveillance Archive;
c) a Seismic Events Register;
d) a Territorial Hazards Atlas;
e) a repository of historical disaster records;
f) a system for the publication of verified scientific bulletins.
Records of permanent institutional value shall be deposited with the University of Xaragua and the General Archives of the State.
ARTICLE X — SURVEILLANCE AND PUBLIC AUTHORITY
The School shall function simultaneously as:
a) an academic institution responsible for education and specialist formation;
b) a scientific institution responsible for research and data production;
c) a permanent surveillance structure responsible for monitoring atmospheric and geophysical threats;
d) a technical advisory body supporting territorial preparedness and institutional decision-making.
The School shall issue scientific assessments and surveillance information. Emergency orders, evacuations, security measures and executive decisions shall remain within the competence of the authorities designated by the laws of Xaragua.
ARTICLE XI — PERMANENT CHARACTER
The legal existence and academic mandate of the School shall not depend upon the continuous possession of any particular premises, radar, laboratory, satellite service, seismic instrument or external agreement.
Any alteration in equipment, technical providers, scientific partners or observation facilities shall not suspend its institutional personality, founding competence or permanent mandate.
ARTICLE XII — ENTRY INTO FORCE
This Founding Act enters into force upon promulgation by the Office of the Rector-President.
It shall be registered within the University of Xaragua and deposited in the General Archives of the State as the permanent constitutive instrument of the Xaragua School of Meteorology, Seismology and Cyclonic Surveillance.